Expression of Regeneration-Associated Antigens in Normal and Retinoid-Treated Regenerating Limbs of Ambystoma mexicanum: (limb regeneration/blastema/retinoid/monoclonal antibody).

The expression of two regeneration-associated antigens in the blastemas of normal and retinoid-treated regenerating limbs of axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) was examined. One antigen, 55C12, which was similar to tenascin in expression pattern and molecular weight profile, was weakly expressed in the perichondrium and tendon of normal limbs. In the regenerating limbs, the amount of 55C12 antigen increased near the amputation site within 7 days and almost all cells of the blastema mesenchyme came to be positive to the antigen at 20 days, although those of epidermis and most stump tissues were negative. When the regenerating limbs were treated with Am80, a synthetic retinoid, which induced proximo-distal duplication, the expression of 55C12 antigen in the blastema became weak temporarily and was reactivated in the anterior region of the blastema. This expression pattern suggests that the duplicated limb is formed by the preferential growth of this 55C12-positive anterior blastema region. The other antigen, 117C1, was faintly expressed in the epidermis, dermis, muscle, perichondrium and cartilage of normal limbs, and intensely expressed in the blastema mesenchyme and wound epidermis. The Am80 treatment, however, induced no changes in the expression pattern of 117C1. These results suggest that these antigens may distinguish two different regions of the blastema in normal regeneration and retinoid-induced duplication.