Vuong Kim T, Joseph Catherine, Angelo Joseph R
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
Front Oncol. 2023 May 23;13:1161709. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1161709. eCollection 2023.
While acute kidney injury (AKI) after hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) has been well-described in pediatric patients, literature regarding the long term renal consequences of HCT-related AKI, the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and CKD care in pediatric patients post-HCT is limited. CKD affects almost 50% of patients after HCT with multifactorial etiology including infection, nephrotoxic medications, transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, graft-versus-host disease, and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. As renal function declines in CKD, eventually progressing to end stage kidney disease (ESKD), mortality increases and is more than 80% among patients requiring dialysis. Using society guidelines and current literature, this review summarizes definitions and etiologies of and management strategies among patients with AKI and CKD post-HCT with an emphasis on albuminuria, hypertension, nutrition, metabolic acidosis, anemia, and mineral bone disease. The goal of this review is to aid early identification and intervention in patients with renal dysfunction prior to development of ESKD, and to discuss ESKD and renal transplant in these patients post-HCT.
虽然造血细胞移植(HCT)后急性肾损伤(AKI)在儿科患者中已有充分描述,但关于HCT相关AKI的长期肾脏后果、慢性肾脏病(CKD)的发展以及儿科患者HCT后CKD护理的文献有限。CKD影响近50%的HCT后患者,其病因多方面,包括感染、肾毒性药物、移植相关血栓性微血管病、移植物抗宿主病和窦性阻塞综合征。随着CKD患者肾功能下降,最终发展为终末期肾病(ESKD),死亡率增加,在需要透析的患者中超过80%。本综述利用社会指南和当前文献,总结了HCT后AKI和CKD患者的定义、病因及管理策略,重点关注蛋白尿、高血压、营养、代谢性酸中毒、贫血和矿物质骨病。本综述的目的是帮助在ESKD发生前对肾功能不全患者进行早期识别和干预,并讨论这些患者HCT后的ESKD和肾移植。