Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 1;15(11):2598. doi: 10.3390/nu15112598.
Diet is associated with metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), but the dietary composition associated with MAFLD risk has not been well-examined.
The purpose of this study was to assess the association of two healthy eating indices with the presence and severity of MAFLD in a sample of Veterans in a primary care setting.
This was a single center cross-sectional study using a random stratified sample of Veterans enrolled in primary care. Participants underwent a Fibroscan and completed an interviewer-administered Diet History Questionnaire II from which we calculated the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score. We used multivariable logistic regression models to assess associations of dietary quality with MAFLD.
We analyzed data from 187 participants, 53.5% of whom were female. On average, participants were 50.2 years of age (SD, 12.3 years) with an average BMI of 31.7 kg/m. MAFLD was detected in 78 (42%) and at least moderate fibrosis in 12 (6%) participants. We found that the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score was inversely associated with MAFLD (adjusted OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.72-1.00), but controlling for BMI and total energy intake attenuated the association (adjusted OR = 0.92, 95%CI 0.74-1.15). We found no statistically significant associations between the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and MAFLD or advanced fibrosis.
We found that the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score was significantly associated with lower MAFLD risk in Veterans; however, the association was mediated by BMI and total energy intake. A Mediterranean-style diet could potentially help reduce the risk of MAFLD, particularly if it helps control total energy intake and weight.
饮食与代谢（功能）相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）有关，但与 MAFLD 风险相关的饮食成分尚未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在评估两种健康饮食指数与初级保健环境中退伍军人 MAFLD 存在和严重程度的相关性。
这是一项使用初级保健中登记的退伍军人随机分层样本的单中心横断面研究。参与者接受了 Fibroscan 检查，并完成了一份由访谈者管理的饮食史问卷 II，我们从中计算了健康饮食指数-2015 和替代地中海饮食评分。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型来评估饮食质量与 MAFLD 的相关性。
我们分析了 187 名参与者的数据，其中 53.5%为女性。参与者的平均年龄为 50.2 岁（标准差，12.3 岁），平均 BMI 为 31.7kg/m2。MAFLD 在 78 名（42%）和至少中度纤维化的 12 名（6%）参与者中被发现。我们发现替代地中海饮食评分与 MAFLD 呈负相关（调整后的 OR=0.85，95%CI 0.72-1.00），但控制 BMI 和总能量摄入后，相关性减弱（调整后的 OR=0.92，95%CI 0.74-1.15）。我们没有发现健康饮食指数-2015 与 MAFLD 或晚期纤维化之间存在统计学上的显著关联。
我们发现，替代地中海饮食评分与退伍军人 MAFLD 的风险显著降低相关；然而，这种关联是由 BMI 和总能量摄入介导的。地中海式饮食可能有助于降低 MAFLD 的风险，特别是如果它有助于控制总能量摄入和体重。
