提高中国儿童和青少年传染病健康教育效果的全国多中心学校基础试验。

Enhancing the effectiveness of infectious disease health education for children and adolescents in China: a national multicenter school-based trial.

机构信息

School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.

Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Release Control, Yinchuan, China.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2023 Jun 15;23(1):1161. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16000-3.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-023-16000-3

PMID:37322442

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10273566/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Infectious diseases pose a significant risk to the health and well-being of children and adolescents, and can even be life-threatening. Thus, our study aimed to explore the effectiveness of health education based on the social-ecological model in improving the knowledge of infectious diseases among this vulnerable population.

METHODS

This study was a school-based intervention conducted in seven Chinese provinces in 2013, involving a total of 26,591 children and adolescents in the intervention group and 24,327 in the control group. The intervention group received a comprehensive health intervention based on the social-ecological model (SEM) over six months, which included a supportive environment, health education on infectious diseases, guidance on self-monitoring infectious disease-related behaviors, and other measures. Data on infectious disease-related knowledge and other characteristics were collected through questionnaires. The main outcome measure will be the difference in the effectiveness of health education regarding infectious diseases in children and adolescents between baseline and post-intervention. A mixed-effects regression model was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the impact of infectious disease-related interventions on the participants.

RESULTS

We utilized a socioecological model as the foundation for a six-month health education program on infectious diseases targeting children and adolescents in the intervention group. At the individual and community levels, the correct rate of health behavior related to infectious diseases in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), the ORs (95% CI) were 0.94 (0.90-0.99) and 0.94 (0.89-0.99), respectively. But the intervention effect was not significant at the interpersonal level. The intervention effect at the organizational level was obvious, with an increase in opportunities for children and adolescents to acquire knowledge of infectious diseases from courses and lectures, teachers, and doctors, (all P < 0.05), with the ORs (95% CI) of 0.92 (0.87-0.97) and 0.86 (0.83-0.94), respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in school infectious disease health education policy.

CONCLUSION

Enhancing health education regarding infectious diseases is crucial in promoting comprehensive prevention and control measures among children and adolescents. Nevertheless, it remains imperative to reinforce health education on infectious diseases at the interpersonal and policy levels. This holds significant reference value for mitigating childhood infectious diseases in the post-COVID-19 era.

摘要

背景

传染病对儿童和青少年的健康和福祉构成重大威胁，甚至可能危及生命。因此，我们的研究旨在探讨基于社会生态学模型的健康教育在提高这一弱势群体对传染病知识方面的有效性。

方法

本研究是 2013 年在中国七个省份开展的一项基于学校的干预研究，共纳入 26591 名干预组儿童和青少年和 24327 名对照组儿童和青少年。干预组接受了为期六个月的基于社会生态模型（SEM）的综合健康干预，包括支持性环境、传染病健康教育、自我监测传染病相关行为指导等措施。通过问卷收集传染病相关知识和其他特征的数据。主要结局指标为干预前后儿童和青少年传染病健康教育效果的差异。采用混合效应回归模型计算优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI），以评估传染病相关干预措施对参与者的影响。

结果

我们利用社会生态学模型作为基础，为干预组的儿童和青少年制定了为期六个月的传染病健康教育计划。在个人和社区层面，干预组健康行为相关传染病的正确率高于对照组（P<0.05），OR（95%CI）分别为 0.94（0.90-0.99）和 0.94（0.89-0.99）。但人际层面的干预效果不显著。组织层面的干预效果明显，儿童和青少年从课程、讲座、教师和医生那里获得传染病知识的机会增加（均 P<0.05），OR（95%CI）分别为 0.92（0.87-0.97）和 0.86（0.83-0.94）。然而，干预组和对照组在学校传染病健康教育政策方面没有显著差异。