Lovalekar Mita, Bird M B, Koltun K J, Steele E, Forse J, Vera Cruz J L, Bannister A F, Burns I, Mi Q, Martin B J, Nindl B C
Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
BMJ Mil Health. 2024 Dec 11;170(e2):e85-e90. doi: 10.1136/military-2023-002392.
The US Marine Corps (USMC) Officer Candidates School (OCS) is a 10-week training course for Marine Officer Candidates (MOCs). OCS training is rigorous and demanding, which results in a high risk of musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). The objective of this analysis was to describe MSIs among women and men during the USMC OCS at Quantico, Virginia, from September 2020 to November 2021.
This prospective cohort study assessed MSIs that occurred among 736 MOCs (women: 17.8% of sample, men: 82.2%). Data for the study were derived from routinely collected injury data by athletic trainers and physical therapists embedded within the training units. Injury incidence, event at the time of injury occurrence, anatomic location, injury type and disposition following injury were described. Fisher's exact tests were used to compare proportions of injured women and men.
The cumulative injury incidence was higher among women (39.7%) compared with men (23.1%, p<0.001). When specific events associated with injuries were reported, most frequent events were the obstacle course (women: 20.9% of injuries, men: 12.9%) and the conditioning hike (women: 11.6%, men: 6.9%). Most injures affected the lower body (women: 67.4%, men: 70.8%). The most frequent body part injured was the lower leg (18.6%) in women and the knee (23.3%) in men. The most frequent injury type was strain (women: 39.5%, men: 24.3%), followed by sprain (women: 16.3%, men: 14.9%). A greater percentage of female (92.3%) compared with male MOCs (69.3%; p<0.001) were assigned light duty status following MSIs.
Mitigation of injuries during OCS events such as the obstacle course and the conditioning hike needs further investigation. The high risk of overuse lower leg injuries among women and the higher incidence of injuries among women compared with men underscore the need for further investigation of modifiable sex-specific injury risk factors.
美国海军陆战队军官候选学校（OCS）是一项为期10周的海军陆战队军官候选人培训课程。OCS训练严格且要求高，这导致肌肉骨骼损伤（MSI）风险很高。本分析的目的是描述2020年9月至2021年11月在弗吉尼亚州匡蒂科海军陆战队军官候选学校期间，女性和男性中的肌肉骨骼损伤情况。
这项前瞻性队列研究评估了736名军官候选人（女性：样本的17.8%，男性：82.2%）中发生的肌肉骨骼损伤。该研究的数据来自训练单位内的运动训练师和物理治疗师定期收集的损伤数据。描述了损伤发生率、损伤发生时的事件、解剖位置、损伤类型以及损伤后的处置情况。使用Fisher精确检验比较受伤女性和男性的比例。
女性的累积损伤发生率（39.7%）高于男性（23.1%，p<0.001）。当报告与损伤相关的具体事件时，最常见的事件是障碍课程（女性：20.9%的损伤，男性：12.9%）和适应性徒步（女性：11.6%，男性：6.9%）。大多数损伤影响下肢（女性：67.4%，男性：70.8%）。女性中最常受伤的身体部位是小腿（18.6%），男性中是膝盖（23.3%）。最常见的损伤类型是拉伤（女性：39.5%，男性：24.3%），其次是扭伤（女性：16.3%，男性：14.9%）。与男性军官候选人（69.3%；p<0.001）相比，更大比例的女性（92.3%）在发生肌肉骨骼损伤后被安排轻体力工作状态。
在障碍课程和适应性徒步等OCS活动期间减轻损伤需要进一步研究。女性过度使用小腿损伤的高风险以及女性与男性相比更高的损伤发生率强调了进一步研究可改变的性别特异性损伤风险因素的必要性。
