Bryant Nathan, Muchero Wellington, Weber Rachel A, Barros Jaime, Chen Jin-Gui, Tschaplinski Timothy J, Pu Yunqiao, Ragauskas Arthur J
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.
BioEnergy Science Center & Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jun 7;14:1089011. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1089011. eCollection 2023.
Due to its ability to spread quickly and result in tree mortality, is one of the most severe diseases impacting . Previous studies have identified that infection induces differential expression of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes. However, more extensive characterization of changes to lignin in response to infection is lacking. To study the changes of lignin due to infection, four field grown, naturally variant exhibiting visible signs of infection were sampled at health, infected, and reaction zone regions for cell wall characterization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and acid hydrolysis were applied to identify changes to the cell wall, and especially lignin. FTIR and subsequent principal component analysis revealed that infected and reaction zone regions were similar and could be distinguished from the non-infected (healthy) region. NMR results indicated the general trend that infected region had a higher syringyl:guaiacyl ratio and lower -hydroxybenzoate content than the healthy regions from the same genotype. Finally, Klason lignin content in the infected and/or reaction zone regions was shown to be higher than healthy region, which is consistent with previous observations of periderm development and metabolite profiling. These results provide insights on the response of wood characteristics to infection, especially between healthy and infected region within the same genotype.
由于其传播迅速并导致树木死亡的能力，它是影响[具体事物]的最严重病害之一。先前的研究已经确定[病害名称]感染会诱导苯丙烷生物合成基因的差异表达。然而，对于[病害名称]感染后木质素变化的更广泛表征尚缺乏。为了研究[病害名称]感染导致的木质素变化，在健康、感染和反应区对四株田间生长、自然变异且呈现[病害名称]感染可见症状的[植物名称]进行采样，以进行细胞壁表征。应用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振（NMR）和酸水解来鉴定细胞壁的变化，特别是木质素的变化。FTIR及随后的主成分分析表明，感染区和反应区相似，且可与未感染（健康）区分开。NMR结果表明，感染区的紫丁香基：愈创木基比率总体上高于同一基因型的健康区，而对羟基苯甲酸酯含量则较低。最后，感染区和/或反应区的克拉森木质素含量高于健康区，这与先前关于周皮发育和代谢物谱分析的观察结果一致。这些结果为[植物名称]木材特性对[病害名称]感染的反应提供了见解，特别是同一基因型内健康区和感染区之间的反应。
