Guo Sen, Zhang Jiajia, Liu Jiawei, Guo Ning, Zhang Lei, Wang Shengtao, Wang Xuexia, Zhao Meng, Zhang Baogui, Chen Yanhua
Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Oct 15;895:165005. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165005. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
The large-scale utilization of plastic products in agricultural facility production has resulted in considerable accumulation of microplastics in the soil. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the accumulation and distribution of microplastics in facility agriculture. This study examined the presence of microplastics in the 15 representatives of Beijing facility agriculture soil in five districts with different planting years, and assessed the potential pollution risks. The abundance of microplastics in soil layers at a depth of 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm was 896.5 ± 80.0 (range, 160-2120), 630.6 ± 47.0 (180-1340), and 445.3 ± 47.0 (80-1480) items/kg, respectively. Overall, the microplastics were primarily fiber-shaped (72.2 %), white (75.9 %), 1-2 mm in size (37.9 %), and composed of polypropylene and polyethene. The risk assessment indices of the microplastics in the 0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm soil layers were 272.1, 289.5, and 291.6, respectively, representing a risk level of 4 in each case. Using the conditional fragmentation model, we found that the microplastics in facility soil featured low stability and small sizes, and their primary sources were organic fertilizer and irrigation water. The number of mulching years, irrigation method, and the amount of organic fertilizer applied, influenced the accumulation of microplastics in the facility soil. This study provides scientific evidence supporting the pollution levels and need for risk control related to microplastics in facility soils.
塑料制品在农业设施生产中的大规模使用导致土壤中微塑料大量积累。然而，目前缺乏关于设施农业中微塑料积累和分布的系统研究。本研究调查了北京五个区不同种植年限的15个设施农业土壤代表中微塑料的存在情况，并评估了潜在污染风险。0-10厘米、10-20厘米和20-30厘米土层中微塑料的丰度分别为896.5±80.0（范围160-2120）、630.6±47.0（180-1340）和445.3±47.0（80-1480）个/千克。总体而言，微塑料主要呈纤维状（72.2%）、白色（75.9%）、尺寸为1-2毫米（37.9%），由聚丙烯和聚乙烯组成。0-10厘米、10-20厘米和20-30厘米土层中微塑料的风险评估指数分别为272.1、289.5和291.6，均代表风险水平4。使用条件破碎模型，我们发现设施土壤中的微塑料稳定性低、尺寸小，其主要来源是有机肥和灌溉水。覆盖年限、灌溉方式和有机肥施用量影响设施土壤中微塑料的积累。本研究为设施土壤中微塑料的污染水平和风险控制需求提供了科学依据。
