Moderate-to-severe pruritus in untreated or non-responsive hemodialysis patients: results of the French prospective multicenter observational study Pruripreva.

BACKGROUND

Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a common condition in patients treated with hemodialysis, and has a negative impact on quality of life (QoL). Due to the lack of standardized diagnostic tools and frequent underreporting, pruritus prevalence remains poorly documented.

METHODS

Pruripreva was a prospective multicenter observational study that aimed to evaluate the prevalence of moderate to severe pruritus in a cohort of French hemodialysis patients. The primary endpoint was the rate of patients with mean Worst Itch Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS) score ≥4 calculated over 7 days (moderate pruritus, 4-6; severe, 7-8; very severe, 9-10). Impact of CKD-aP on QoL was analyzed according to its severity (WI-NRS), using 5-D Itch scale, EQ-5D and Short Form (SF)-12.

RESULTS

Mean WI-NRS was ≥4 in 306 patients (mean age, 66.6 years; male, 57.6%) out of 1304 and prevalence of moderate to very severe pruritus was 23.5% (95% confidence interval 21.2-25.9). Pruritus was unknown prior to the systematic screening in 37.6% of patients, and 56.4% of those affected were treated for this condition. The more severe the pruritus, the poorer the QoL according to the 5-D Itch scale, EQ-5D and SF-12.

CONCLUSION

Moderate to very severe pruritus was reported in 23.5% of hemodialysis patients. CKD-aP was underrated although it is associated with a negative impact on QoL. These data confirm that pruritus in this setting is an underdiagnosed and underreported condition. There is an urgent demand for new therapies to treat chronic pruritus associated with CKD in hemodialysis patients.