Department of Anthropology, Global Religions, and Cultures, The University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, USA.
Am J Biol Anthropol. 2023 Sep;182(1):12-18. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.24812. Epub 2023 Jul 6.
Recently, Berg and Kenyhercz (2017) developed a free web-based software package, (hu)MANid, that classifies mandibles by ancestry and sex based on either linear or mixture discriminant analysis of 11 osteometric and six morphoscopic variables. The metric and morphoscopic variables assessed using (hu)MANid have been determined to be highly replicable, however, few external validation studies have been conducted.
This article provides a test of the (hu)MANid analytical software using an independent sample (n = 52) of Native American mandibles from the Great Lakes region to investigate the accuracy of the program for identifying this important demographic group.
When processed using linear discriminant analysis in (hu)MANid, 82.7% of the mandibles (43/52) were correctly classified as Native American. When processed using mixture discriminant analysis in (hu)MANid, 67.3% of the mandibles (35/52) were correctly classified as Native American. The difference in accuracy between the methods is not statistically significant.
Our results suggest (hu)MANid is an accurate tool for anthropologists attempting to determine whether skeletal remains are Native American when establishing forensic significance, creating a biological profile, and conducting work associated with the federal Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
最近，Berg 和 Kenyhercz（2017 年）开发了一个免费的基于网络的软件包，(hu)MANid，该软件包可以根据 11 个体质变量和 6 个体态变量的线性或混合判别分析，根据祖先和性别对下颌骨进行分类。使用 (hu)MANid 评估的度量和形态变量被确定具有高度可重复性，但是，很少进行外部验证研究。
本文使用来自大湖地区的 52 例北美印第安人下颌骨的独立样本，对 (hu)MANid 分析软件进行了测试，以研究该程序识别这一重要人群的准确性。
当使用 (hu)MANid 中的线性判别分析进行处理时，82.7%（43/52）的下颌骨被正确分类为北美印第安人。当使用 (hu)MANid 中的混合判别分析进行处理时，67.3%（35/52）的下颌骨被正确分类为北美印第安人。这两种方法的准确性差异没有统计学意义。
我们的结果表明，(hu)MANid 是一种准确的工具，可用于人类学家在确定骨骼遗骸是否为北美印第安人时，确定其法医学意义、创建生物特征以及开展与联邦《美洲原住民坟墓保护和遣返法》相关的工作。
