Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Illinois Dermatology Institute, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Exp Dermatol. 2023 Sep;32(9):1575-1581. doi: 10.1111/exd.14885. Epub 2023 Jul 11.
The goal of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the formation of skin erosions in patients affected by Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome (AEC). This ectodermal dysplasia is caused by mutations in the TP63 gene, which encodes several transcription factors that control epidermal development and homeostasis. We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from AEC patients and corrected the TP63 mutations using genome editing tools. Three pairs of the resulting conisogenic iPSC lines were differentiated into keratinocytes (iPSC-K). We identified a significant downregulation of key components of hemidesmosomes and focal adhesions in AEC iPSC-K compared to their gene-corrected counterparts. Further, we demonstrated reduced AEC iPSC-K migration, suggesting the possibility that a process critical for cutaneous wound healing might be impaired in AEC patients. Next, we generated chimeric mice expressing a TP63-AEC transgene and confirmed a downregulation of these genes in transgene-expressing cells in vivo. Finally, we also observed these abnormalities in AEC patient skin. Our findings suggest that integrin defects in AEC patients might weaken the adhesion of keratinocytes to the basement membrane. We propose that reduced expression of extracellular matrix adhesion receptors, potentially in conjunction with previously identified desmosomal protein defects, contribute to skin erosions in AEC.
本研究旨在探讨导致 ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate 综合征(AEC)患者皮肤糜烂形成的分子机制。这种外胚层发育不良是由 TP63 基因突变引起的,该基因编码几种转录因子,可控制表皮发育和稳态。我们从 AEC 患者中生成诱导多能干细胞(iPSC),并使用基因组编辑工具纠正 TP63 突变。生成的三对同源 iPSC 系被分化为角质形成细胞(iPSC-K)。与基因纠正的对照相比,我们发现 AEC iPSC-K 中的半桥粒和黏着斑的关键成分显著下调。此外,我们还证明了 AEC iPSC-K 的迁移减少,这表明对皮肤伤口愈合至关重要的过程可能在 AEC 患者中受损。接下来,我们生成了表达 TP63-AEC 转基因的嵌合小鼠,并在体内证实了这些基因在转基因表达细胞中的下调。最后,我们还观察到 AEC 患者皮肤存在这些异常。我们的研究结果表明,AEC 患者的整合素缺陷可能削弱了角质形成细胞与基底膜的黏附。我们提出,细胞外基质黏附受体的表达减少,可能与先前发现的桥粒蛋白缺陷一起,导致 AEC 中的皮肤糜烂。
Exp Dermatol. 2023-9
bioRxiv. 2023-6-22
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