Biehler Erik, Quach Qui, Abdel-Fattah Tarek M
Applied Research Center, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USA.
Department of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jul 1;13(13):1994. doi: 10.3390/nano13131994.
The dwindling supply of fossil fuels has prompted the search for an alternative energy source that could effectively replace them. Potential renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, tidal, and geothermal are all promising but each has its own drawbacks. Hydrogen gas on the other hand can be combusted to produce energy with only water as a byproduct and can be steadily generated via the aqueous media hydrolysis reaction of Sodium Borohydride (NaBH). This study successfully synthesized fused carbon spheres derived from sugar and decorated them with platinum nanoparticles to form a novel composite material (PtFCS) for catalyzing this reaction. The platinum nanoparticles were produced by reducing chloroplatinic acid in a solution with sodium borohydride and using sodium citrate as a capping agent for the nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize and determine the size and shape of the Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) and fused carbon spheres. TEM was able to determine the average size of the fused carbon spheres to be 200 nm and the average size for the PtNPs to be 2-3 nm. The PtFCS composite was tested for its ability to catalyze the hydrolysis of NaBH under various reaction conditions including various solution pH, various temperatures, and various dosages of sodium borohydride. The catalyst was found to perform the best under acidic solution conditions (pH 6), producing hydrogen at a rate of 0.0438 mL/mg·min. The catalyst was determined to have an activation energy of 53.0 kJ/mol and could be used multiple times in succession with no loss in the volume of hydrogen produced. This sugar-derived composite catalyst shows promise and could be implemented as a sustainable catalyst for the generation of hydrogen fuel.
化石燃料供应的减少促使人们寻找一种能够有效替代它们的新能源。太阳能、风能、潮汐能和地热能等潜在的可再生能源都很有前景，但每种能源都有其自身的缺点。另一方面，氢气燃烧产生能量时仅以水作为副产物，并且可以通过硼氢化钠（NaBH）的水介质水解反应稳定地生成。本研究成功合成了源自糖类的融合碳球，并将铂纳米颗粒修饰在其上，形成了一种用于催化该反应的新型复合材料（PtFCS）。铂纳米颗粒是通过在溶液中用硼氢化钠还原氯铂酸，并使用柠檬酸钠作为纳米颗粒的封端剂制备的。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、能量色散X射线光谱（EDS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和X射线衍射（XRD）对铂纳米颗粒（PtNPs）和融合碳球的尺寸和形状进行表征和测定。TEM能够确定融合碳球的平均尺寸为200 nm，PtNPs的平均尺寸为2 - 3 nm。对PtFCS复合材料在各种反应条件下催化硼氢化钠水解的能力进行了测试，这些条件包括不同的溶液pH值、不同的温度以及不同剂量的硼氢化钠。发现该催化剂在酸性溶液条件（pH 6）下表现最佳，产氢速率为0.0438 mL/mg·min。该催化剂的活化能测定为53.0 kJ/mol，并且可以连续多次使用而不损失产氢量。这种源自糖类的复合催化剂显示出了前景，有望作为一种可持续的催化剂用于氢气燃料的生产。
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