Moore B C, Glasberg B R, Peters R W
J Acoust Soc Am. 1986 Aug;80(2):479-83. doi: 10.1121/1.394043.
When a low harmonic in a harmonic complex tone is mistuned from its harmonic value by a sufficient amount it is heard as a separate tone, standing out from the complex as a whole. This experiment estimated the degree of mistuning required for this phenomenon to occur, for complex tones with 10 or 12 equal-amplitude components (60 dB SPL per component). On each trial the subject was presented with a complex tone which either had all its partials at harmonic frequencies or had one partial mistuned from its harmonic frequency. The subject had to indicate whether he heard a single complex tone with one pitch or a complex tone plus a pure tone which did not "belong" to the complex. An adaptive procedure was used to track the degree of mistuning required to achieve a d' value of 1. Threshold was determined for each ot the first six harmonics of each complex tone. In one set of conditions stimulus duration was held constant at 410 ms, and the fundamental frequency was either 100, 200, or 400 Hz. For most conditions the thresholds fell between 1% and 3% of the harmonic frequency, depending on the subject. However, thresholds tended to be greater for the first two harmonics of the 100-Hz fundamental and, for some subjects, thresholds increased for the fifth and sixth harmonics. In a second set of conditions fundamental frequency was held constant at 200 Hz, and the duration was either 50, 110, 410, or 1610 ms. Thresholds increased by a factor of 3-5 as duration was decreased from 1610 ms to 50 ms. The results are discussed in terms of a hypothetical harmonic sieve and mechanisms for the formation of perceptual streams.
当一个谐波复合音中的低频谐波偏离其谐波值达到足够程度时，它会被听作一个单独的音，从整个复合音中凸显出来。本实验估计了对于具有10个或12个等幅分量（每个分量60 dB SPL）的复合音而言，出现这种现象所需的失谐程度。在每次试验中，向受试者呈现一个复合音，该复合音要么所有分音都处于谐波频率，要么有一个分音偏离其谐波频率。受试者必须指出他听到的是一个具有单一音高的复合音，还是一个复合音加上一个不属于该复合音的纯音。采用自适应程序来追踪达到d'值为1所需的失谐程度。针对每个复合音的前六个谐波中的每一个确定阈值。在一组条件下，刺激持续时间保持恒定为410毫秒，基频为100、200或400赫兹。在大多数情况下，阈值介于谐波频率的1%至3%之间，具体取决于受试者。然而，对于100赫兹基频的前两个谐波，阈值往往更高，并且对于一些受试者来说，第五和第六谐波的阈值会增加。在第二组条件下，基频保持恒定为200赫兹，持续时间为50、110、410或1610毫秒。当持续时间从1610毫秒减少到50毫秒时，阈值增加了3至5倍。根据一个假设的谐波筛以及感知流形成的机制对结果进行了讨论。
