具有甘-脯序列的成纤维细胞激活蛋白靶向探针用于脑胶质瘤的 PET。
Fibroblast Activation Protein Targeting Probe with Gly-Pro Sequence for PET of Glioblastoma.
机构信息
School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, China.
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
出版信息
Mol Pharm. 2023 Aug 7;20(8):4120-4128. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00248. Epub 2023 Jul 24.
As an important cancer-associated fibroblast-specific biomarker, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has become an attractive target for tumor diagnosis and treatment. However, most FAP-based radiotracers showed inadequate uptake and short retention in tumors. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel FAP ligand (DOTA-GPFAPI-04) through assembling three functional moieties: a quinoline-based FAP inhibitor for specifically targeting FAP, a FAP substrate Gly-Pro as a linker for increasing the FAP protein interaction, and a 2,2',2″,2‴-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelator for radiolabeling with different radionuclides. The FAP targeting ability of DOTA-GPFAPI-04 was investigated by molecular docking studies. DOTA-GPFAPI-04 was then radiolabeled with Ga to give [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of glioblastoma. [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 exhibited a purity of >98% and high stability analyzed by radio-HPLC in saline and mouse serum. Cell uptake studies demonstrated the targeting specificity of the probe. Further pharmacokinetic studies in normal mice demonstrated the quick clearance of the probe. Moreover, compared with the widely studied [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04, [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 showed much higher U87MG tumor uptake values (4.467 ± 0.379 for [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 and 1.267 ± 0.208% ID/g for [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 at 0.5 h post-injection, respectively). The area under the curve based on time-activity curve (TAC) analysis for tumor radioactivity in small animal models was 422.5 for [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 and 98.14 for [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04, respectively, demonstrating that the former had longer tumor retention time. The tumor-to-muscle (T/M) ratio for [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 reached 9.15 in a U87MG xenograft animal model. PET imaging and blocking assays showed that [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 had specific tumor uptake. In summary, this study demonstrates the successful synthesis and evaluation of a novel FAPI targeting probe, [Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04, with a Gly-Pro sequence. It shows favorable glioblastoma imaging properties and relatively long tumor retention, highlighting DOTA-GPFAPI-04 as a promising molecular scaffold for developing FAP targeting tumor theranostic agents.
作为一种重要的癌症相关成纤维细胞特异性生物标志物,成纤维细胞激活蛋白(FAP)已成为肿瘤诊断和治疗的一个有吸引力的靶点。然而,大多数基于 FAP 的放射性示踪剂在肿瘤中的摄取和保留不足。在这项研究中,我们通过组装三个功能部分设计并合成了一种新型的 FAP 配体(DOTA-GPFAPI-04):一个基于喹啉的 FAP 抑制剂,用于特异性靶向 FAP;一个 FAP 底物甘氨酸-脯氨酸作为连接子,用于增加 FAP 蛋白相互作用;和一个 2,2',2″,2‴-(1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷-1,4,7,10-四乙酸(DOTA)螯合剂,用于用不同的放射性核素进行放射性标记。通过分子对接研究研究了 DOTA-GPFAPI-04 的 FAP 靶向能力。然后用 Ga 对 DOTA-GPFAPI-04 进行放射性标记,得到用于胶质母细胞瘤正电子发射断层扫描(PET)成像的[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04。[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 在盐水中和小鼠血清中的放射性 HPLC 分析显示其纯度>98%且稳定性高。细胞摄取研究证明了探针的靶向特异性。进一步在正常小鼠中的药代动力学研究表明,探针的清除速度很快。此外,与广泛研究的[Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 相比,[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 在 U87MG 肿瘤中的摄取值更高([Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 为 4.467±0.379% ID/g,[Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 为 1.267±0.208% ID/g,分别在注射后 0.5 小时)。小动物模型中基于时间-活性曲线(TAC)分析的肿瘤放射性曲线下面积(AUC)分别为[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 为 422.5,[Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 为 98.14,表明前者具有更长的肿瘤保留时间。在 U87MG 异种移植动物模型中,[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 的肿瘤与肌肉(T/M)比值达到 9.15。PET 成像和阻断试验表明,[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04 具有特异性的肿瘤摄取。总之,本研究成功合成并评价了一种新型的 FAPI 靶向探针[Ga]Ga-DOTA-GPFAPI-04,其具有甘氨酸-脯氨酸序列。它显示出良好的胶质母细胞瘤成像特性和相对较长的肿瘤保留时间,突出了 DOTA-GPFAPI-04 作为开发 FAP 靶向肿瘤治疗剂的有前途的分子支架。