长期口服避孕药的使用是否会对耐力训练女性的 C 反应蛋白或铁状态产生不利影响？
Does chronic oral contraceptive use detrimentally affect C-reactive protein or iron status for endurance-trained women?
机构信息
School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
出版信息
Physiol Rep. 2023 Jul;11(14):e15777. doi: 10.14814/phy2.15777.
PURPOSE
Chronic use of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is reported to increase C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal females.
METHODS
A secondary analysis of data from two research studies in eumenorrheic (n = 8) and OCP (n = 8) female athletes. Basal CRP and iron parameters were included in the analysis. Sample collection occurred following a standardized exercise and nutritional control for 24 h. Eumenorrheic females were tested in the early-follicular and mid-luteal phases, and the OCP users were tested in quasi-follicular and quasi-luteal phases (both active pill periods).
RESULTS
A main effect for group (p < 0.01) indicated that average CRP concentration was higher in OCP users compared with eumenorrheic females, regardless of the day of measurement within the cycle. Results demonstrate a degree of iron parameters moderation throughout the menstrual cycle that is influenced by basal CRP levels; however, no linear relationship with CRP, serum iron, and ferritin was observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Basal CRP values were consistently higher in the OCP group despite participants being in a rested state. These results may indicate a potential risk of cardiovascular disease in prolonged users of the OCP when compared to eumenorrheic female athletes.
目的
据报道，口服避孕药（OCP）的长期使用会增加 C 反应蛋白（CRP）水平，并增加绝经前女性患心血管疾病的风险。
方法
对两名月经正常（n=8）和使用 OCP（n=8）的女性运动员的两项研究数据进行二次分析。基础 CRP 和铁参数包含在分析中。样本采集在 24 小时标准化运动和营养控制后进行。月经正常的女性在卵泡早期和黄体中期进行测试，而 OCP 使用者在准卵泡期和准黄体期（均为活性药丸期）进行测试。
结果
组间存在主要效应（p<0.01），表明 OCP 使用者的平均 CRP 浓度高于月经正常的女性，无论在周期内的哪一天进行测量。结果表明，铁参数在整个月经周期中存在一定程度的调节，受基础 CRP 水平的影响；然而，CRP、血清铁和铁蛋白之间没有线性关系。
结论
尽管参与者处于休息状态，但 OCP 组的基础 CRP 值始终较高。与月经正常的女性运动员相比，这些结果可能表明长期使用 OCP 的女性存在患心血管疾病的潜在风险。
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