Li Liumin, Mi Qu
Department of Psychiatry, Huzhou Third People's Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, CHN.
Cureus. 2023 Jun 25;15(6):e40933. doi: 10.7759/cureus.40933. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Serotonin syndrome is a rare adverse reaction induced by serotonergic drugs. Most instances of the syndrome occur in the context of a serotonergic drug overdose and the combined use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and other related drugs. We report a case of serotonin syndrome caused by duloxetine alone in an elderly Asian woman and review the literature. A 69-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital due to two months of irritability and reduced energy. She was diagnosed with depressive disorder in the outpatient department and took sertraline 75mg for one month, but there was no significant improvement of symptoms. After admission, sertraline was switched to duloxetine. After taking duloxetine 60mg, the patient developed confusion, inducible clonus, diaphoresis, tremor, hyperreflexia, and increased body temperature and blood pressure. Reviewing her history of drug exposure, physical examination, and associated laboratory tests, we ruled out other possible diseases and established a serotonin syndrome diagnosis. The symptoms and signs associated with serotonin syndrome disappeared within two days after treatments with hydration and diazepam and the withdrawal of duloxetine. Physicians should be watchful for serotonin syndrome, a rare, but in severe cases life-threatening, adverse drug reaction. It may occur with duloxetine monotherapy even at therapeutic doses.
血清素综合征是一种由血清素能药物引起的罕见不良反应。该综合征的大多数病例发生在血清素能药物过量以及单胺氧化酶抑制剂与其他相关药物联合使用的情况下。我们报告一例老年亚洲女性单独使用度洛西汀引起血清素综合征的病例并对文献进行综述。一名69岁女性因两个月的烦躁和精力减退入院。她在门诊被诊断为抑郁症,服用舍曲林75毫克一个月,但症状无明显改善。入院后,舍曲林换为度洛西汀。服用60毫克度洛西汀后,患者出现意识模糊、诱发性阵挛、多汗、震颤、反射亢进以及体温和血压升高。回顾其药物暴露史、体格检查及相关实验室检查,我们排除了其他可能的疾病并确诊为血清素综合征。经补液和地西泮治疗以及停用度洛西汀后,与血清素综合征相关的症状和体征在两天内消失。医生应警惕血清素综合征,这是一种罕见但严重时可危及生命的药物不良反应。即使在治疗剂量下,度洛西汀单药治疗也可能发生。