Department of Cardiology, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, China (X.Z., H.Z.).
Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (X.Z.).
Hypertension. 2023 Oct;80(10):2149-2158. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.21482. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Hypertension is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Assessing temporal trends in the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in hypertension could provide information for public health policies and plans.
From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018, a probability sample of adults aged ≥20 years was collected. The primary outcomes were classified according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin. Trend tests were performed to assess age-standardized prevalence trends of CKD, albuminuria, and macroalbuminuria in US adults with hypertension.
A total of 23 120 US adults with hypertension were included in this study. The prevalence of any CKD, albuminuria, or macroalbuminuria in hypertension remained relatively stable. However, the age-standardized prevalence of stage 1 CKD in hypertension increased from 4.9% in 2003 to 2006 to 7.0% in 2015 to 2018 (=0.0077 for trend). The age-standardized prevalence of stage 3b CKD in hypertension decreased from 2.9% in 2011 to 2014 to 2.1% in 2015 to 2018 (=0.0350 for trend). A similar trend was observed for the age-standardized prevalence of stages 3 to 5 CKD in hypertension, which declined from 10.9% in 2011 to 2014 to 8.9% in 2015 to 2018 (=0.0160 for trend).
Among US adults with hypertension, the prevalence of any CKD, albuminuria, and macroalbuminuria remained relatively stable from 1999 to 2018, whereas the hypertensive population showed an increasing trend in stage 1 CKD from 2003 to 2006 to 2015 to 2018 and a decreasing trend in the prevalence of stages 3 to 5 and 3b CKD from 2011 to 2014 to 2015 to 2018.
高血压是终末期肾病的主要病因。评估高血压患者慢性肾脏病（CKD）的流行趋势，可为公共卫生政策和规划提供信息。
本研究数据来自 1999 年至 2018 年的全国健康与营养调查，纳入了年龄≥20 岁的成年人概率样本。主要结局根据估计肾小球滤过率和尿白蛋白进行分类。采用趋势检验评估美国高血压患者 CKD、白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿的年龄标准化患病率趋势。
本研究共纳入 23120 例美国高血压患者。高血压患者中任何 CKD、白蛋白尿或大量白蛋白尿的患病率相对稳定。然而，高血压患者中 1 期 CKD 的年龄标准化患病率从 2003 年至 2006 年的 4.9%上升至 2015 年至 2018 年的 7.0%（趋势=0.0077）。高血压患者中 3b 期 CKD 的年龄标准化患病率从 2011 年至 2014 年的 2.9%下降至 2015 年至 2018 年的 2.1%（趋势=0.0350）。高血压患者中 3 至 5 期 CKD 的年龄标准化患病率也呈类似趋势，从 2011 年至 2014 年的 10.9%下降至 2015 年至 2018 年的 8.9%（趋势=0.0160）。
在患有高血压的美国成年人中，1999 年至 2018 年期间任何 CKD、白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿的患病率相对稳定，而高血压患者的 1 期 CKD 患病率从 2003 年至 2006 年呈上升趋势，2015 年至 2018 年呈上升趋势，2011 年至 2014 年呈下降趋势，2015 年至 2018 年呈下降趋势。
