Vastrad Phaniraj, Neelopant Sushrit, Prasad U Venkateswara, Kirte Rahul, Chandan N, Barvaliya Manish J, Hatnoor Shivappa, Shashidhar S B, Roy Subarna
Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research (Government of India), Sirwar, Raichur, Karnataka, India.
Raichur Institute of Medical Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jul 12;10:1209949. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1209949. eCollection 2023.
For school-age children, a healthy transition from childhood to adolescence and adulthood depends on proper nutrition. Globally, most nutritional surveys focus on preschool and adolescents, neglecting school-age children. Recent studies have shown the prevalence of thinness among adolescents to be 26.5% in Karnataka. Similarly, among children aged < 5 years in the Raichur district, the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and being underweight was 39.8, 23.2, and 40.7%, respectively. The present study aimed to bridge the data gap between < 5 years of children and adolescents through a nutritional survey of school-going children in Raichur, one of the aspirational districts of India.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to March 2020 among rural school-age children ( = 2700) in 30 villages of the Raichur district of Karnataka, India. The school children were selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling technique. The WHO Anthro-plus software was used for calculating the age and sex-specific Z-scores for weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), and BMI-for-age (BAZ).
Of the 2,700 school-age children surveyed, the mean weight and height were 22.2 kg (+5.8) and 124.9 cm (+11.6), respectively. The prevalence of children having weight-for-age Z-scores < -2 SD (Underweight) was 45.3% (95% CI: 42.7%-47.8%). The magnitude of stunting and severe stunting was 19.5% (95% CI: 18.0%-21.0%) and 7.6% (95% CI: 6.6%-8.6%), respectively. The proportion of children with BMI for age Z-scores < -2SD (thinness) was 43% (95% CI: 41.1%-44.9%), with sub-district Sindhanur having a dual burden of malnutrition.
Despite many flagship programs, the prevalence of undernutrition in school-age children remains a considerable public health problem in the aspirational district of Raichur, India. Furthermore, exploratory studies are recommended to identify the factors associated with undernutrition among school-age children and strategize evidence-based intervention.
对于学龄儿童而言，从童年到青少年及成年的健康过渡依赖于适当的营养。在全球范围内，大多数营养调查聚焦于学龄前儿童和青少年，而忽视了学龄儿童。近期研究表明，在卡纳塔克邦，青少年消瘦的患病率为26.5%。同样，在赖丘尔 district 5岁以下儿童中，发育迟缓、消瘦和体重不足的患病率分别为39.8%、23.2%和40.7%。本研究旨在通过对印度发展中地区之一赖丘尔的在校儿童进行营养调查，弥合5岁以下儿童与青少年之间的数据差距。
2020年1月至3月，在印度卡纳塔克邦赖丘尔 district的30个村庄对农村学龄儿童（n = 2700）进行了横断面调查。通过多阶段整群抽样技术选取在校儿童。使用世界卫生组织Anthro-plus软件计算年龄和性别特异性的年龄别体重（WAZ）、年龄别身高（HAZ）和年龄别BMI（BAZ）的Z评分。
在接受调查的2700名学龄儿童中，平均体重和身高分别为22.2千克（±5.8）和124.9厘米（±11.6）。年龄别体重Z评分＜ -2标准差（体重不足）的儿童患病率为45.3%（95%置信区间：42.7% - 47.8%）。发育迟缓和严重发育迟缓的比例分别为19.5%（95%置信区间：18.0% - 21.0%）和7.6%（95%置信区间：6.6% - 8.6%）。年龄别BMI Z评分＜ -2标准差（消瘦）的儿童比例为43%（95%置信区间：41.1% - 44.9%），辛德纳努尔分区存在营养不良的双重负担。
尽管有许多旗舰项目，但在印度发展中地区赖丘尔，学龄儿童营养不良的患病率仍然是一个相当严重的公共卫生问题。此外，建议进行探索性研究，以确定学龄儿童营养不良的相关因素，并制定基于证据的干预策略。
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