Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2023 Oct;233:106371. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106371. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
The colon is the largest hormonally active tissue in the human body. It has been known for over a hundred years that various hormones and bioactive peptides play important roles in colon function. More recently there is a growing interest in the role the sex steroids, oestrogens and androgens, may play in both normal colon physiology and colon pathophysiology. In this review, we examine the potential role oestrogens and androgens play in the colon. The metabolism and subsequent action of sex steroids in colonic tissue is discussed and how these hormones impact colon motility is investigated. Furthermore, we also determine how oestrogens and androgens influence colorectal cancer incidence and development and highlight potential new therapeutic targets for this malignancy. This review also examines how sex steroids potentially impact the severity and progression of other colon disease, such as diverticulitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and polyp formation.
结肠是人体内最大的激素活性组织。一百多年来，人们已经知道各种激素和生物活性肽在结肠功能中起着重要作用。最近，人们越来越关注性激素（雌激素和雄激素）在正常结肠生理学和结肠病理生理学中可能发挥的作用。在这篇综述中，我们研究了雌激素和雄激素在结肠中的潜在作用。讨论了性激素在结肠组织中的代谢和随后的作用，以及这些激素如何影响结肠蠕动。此外，我们还确定了雌激素和雄激素如何影响结直肠癌的发病率和发展，并强调了这种恶性肿瘤的潜在新治疗靶点。这篇综述还研究了性激素如何潜在地影响其他结肠疾病的严重程度和进展，如憩室炎、肠易激综合征和息肉形成。
