Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.
Hubei International Science and Technology Coopearation Base of Fish Passage, College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.
J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol. 2023 Dec;339(10):925-938. doi: 10.1002/jez.2742. Epub 2023 Aug 2.
Flow stimulation before release into the wild may contribute to improved survivability of farmed fish. However, the effects of flow stimulation on the survival rate of fish depend on the fish species and exercise regime, such as exercise type, duration, and intensity. In this study, juvenile Percocypris pingi swam for 18 h per day for 8 weeks under different water speeds, 3 cm s (control) and 1, 2, and 4 body lengths (bl) s , at 20°C. Then, parameters related to the growth rate, swimming capacity, spontaneous activity, and immune function were measured. We found that (1) continuous flow stimulation had no significant influence on the growth but was conducive to the increase in the relative carcass mass; (2) continuous flow stimulation at 2 or 4 bl s enhanced the aerobic swimming capacity (U ), which may be due to an increase in anaerobic exercise capacity (endurance time) rather than to changes in maximum metabolic rate and aerobic scope; (3) continuous flow stimulation at 4 bl s led to a significant increase in spontaneous activity, which was mainly due to the higher percent time spent moving as compared with the controls; and (4) continuous flow stimulation at 2 bl s may contribute to improving the nonspecific immune parameter (lysozyme activity) in juvenile P. pingi. Our findings suggest that continuous flow stimulation at 2 or 4 bl s for 18 h per day for 56 days at 20°C before release in wild may be a suitable training regime for improving the survival rate of cultured juvenile P. pingi.
在放流野外之前进行水流刺激可能有助于提高养殖鱼类的存活率。然而，水流刺激对鱼类存活率的影响取决于鱼类物种和运动方案，例如运动类型、持续时间和强度。在这项研究中，在 20°C 下，2 周龄的金沙鲈鲤幼鱼每天在不同的水流速度（3 cm/s 作为对照和 1、2 和 4 体长/秒）下游泳 18 小时。然后，测量了与生长率、游泳能力、自发活动和免疫功能相关的参数。我们发现：（1）持续的水流刺激对生长没有显著影响，但有利于相对体质量的增加；（2）2 或 4 体长/秒的持续水流刺激提高了有氧游泳能力（U），这可能是由于无氧运动能力（耐力时间）的增加而不是最大代谢率和有氧范围的变化；（3）4 体长/秒的持续水流刺激导致自发活动显著增加，这主要是由于与对照组相比，移动时间百分比更高；（4）2 体长/秒的持续水流刺激可能有助于提高非特异性免疫参数（溶菌酶活性）。我们的研究结果表明，在 20°C 下，每天 18 小时连续水流刺激 56 天，流速为 2 或 4 体长/秒可能是一种合适的训练方案，可以提高养殖幼鱼金沙鲈鲤的存活率。
