Recycling waste dolomite powder in cement paste: Early hydration process, microscale characteristics, and life-cycle assessment.

Waste dolomite powder (WDP) is a byproduct obtained from dolomite quarries during the preparation of dolomite products. To study the re-utilisation of WDP, an eco-friendly cement-based material was prepared using WDP as a micro-aggregate. The effects of WDP on the early hydration process, microscale characteristics, and life-cycle assessment of cement paste are discussed in this study. The isothermal calorimetry results showed that the incorporating WDP in cement paste accelerated the early hydration process of cement according to the degree of reaction. In this case, the setting time of the cement pastes with WDP was shortened, and the early compressive strength was significantly improved. The results of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis at early curing ages (1 and 3 d) showed changes in the peak intensity of ettringite and portlandite and a denser microstructure. Mercury intrusion porosimetry tests showed that the middle and large capillary pores were refined by the nucleation and filling effects of WDP. Based on environmental and economic evaluations, the utilisation of WDP reduced energy consumption, CO emissions, and economic costs. Compared to the sample without WDP, the energy consumption, CO emissions, and economic cost indices were 42 %, 42.69 %, and 39.4 % lower, respectively. Our results may provide valuable references for the re-utilisation of WDP in low-carbonation cement-based materials.