Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China; National Laboratory of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Sam Nujoma Campus, University of Namibia, Private Bag 462, Henties Bay, 9000, Namibia.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Oct;141:108996. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108996. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
This investigation looks at the impact of oral bovine serum albumin (BSA) on antioxidants, immune responses, and inflammation signals in blunt snout bream fed a high-calorie diet. 480 fish (average weight: 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were randomly fed a control diet, a high-fat diet (HFD), a high carbohydrate diet (HCD), and a high-energy diet (HED) in six replicates for 12 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish were orally administered with 10% BSA for 10 h, then blood and liver samples from five fish were randomly obtained after 10 h to determine plasma inflammatory markers and inorganic components. Also, the leftover fish were injected with thioacetamide, blood and liver samples were simultaneously obtained at 12, 48, and 96 h, respectively, to determine antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory signals, with survival rates recorded at the same time interval. After 10 h, plasma inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factors (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), nitric oxide (NO), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), and cortisol were significantly improved in fish fed HCD and HED as compared to the control. After thioacetamide stress, plasma lysozyme (LYM), complement 3, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and alkaline phosphatase activities, as well as immunoglobulin M, levels all increased significantly (P < 0.05) with increasing time with maximum value attained at 96 h, but shows no difference among dietary treatment. Similar results were observed in liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but tended to reduce at 96 h. nf-kb, tnf-α, and mcp-1 tend to decrease with the minimum value attained at 48 h and gradually decrease with increasing time at 96 h. After 96 h of the thioacetamide (TAA) challenge, the survival rate of blunt snout bream fed with an HFD and HCD was significantly lower (P < 0.05) at 48, and 96 h before the administration of BSA. However, no differences were observed among dietary treatments after the BSA administration. Overall, this study indicated that oral dietary administration of BSA might greatly enhance the antioxidant capability and innate immunity and mitigates inflammation signals after TAA stress in blunt snout bream fed high energy diet.
本研究探讨了口服牛血清白蛋白（BSA）对摄食高脂、高糖和高能量饲料的团头鲂抗氧化、免疫和炎症信号的影响。将 480 尾平均体重为 45.84±0.07g 的团头鲂随机分为 6 组，每组设 6 个重复，分别投喂基础饲料、高脂饲料、高糖饲料和高能量饲料，为期 12 周。饲养试验结束后，10%BSA 经口灌胃 10h，随后每组随机取 5 尾鱼，在灌胃 10h 后取血和肝脏组织，检测血液中炎症指标和无机成分；剩余的鱼注射硫代乙酰胺（TAA），分别在 12、48 和 96h 时采血和取肝脏组织，检测抗氧化、免疫和炎症信号，并同时记录存活率。10h 后，与对照组相比，摄食高糖和高能量饲料的团头鲂血液中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、白细胞介素 6（IL6）、一氧化氮（NO）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）和皮质醇等炎症指标显著升高。在 TAA 应激后，随着时间的延长，血液中溶菌酶（LYM）、补体 3、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、碱性磷酸酶活性和免疫球蛋白 M 水平均显著升高（P<0.05），在 96h 时达到最大值，但不同饲料处理组之间没有差异。在肝脏中，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量也观察到类似的结果，但在 96h 时趋于降低。NF-kB、TNF-α和 MCP-1 随时间的延长逐渐降低，在 48h 时达到最低值。在 TAA 应激 96h 后，摄食高脂和高糖饲料的团头鲂在注射 BSA 前的 48h 和 96h 时的存活率显著降低（P<0.05）。然而，在注射 BSA 后，不同饲料处理组之间没有差异。总的来说，本研究表明，口服 BSA 可以显著增强抗氧化和先天免疫能力，并减轻摄食高能量饲料的团头鲂在 TAA 应激后的炎症信号。
