Ezenwaka Uchenna, Mbachu Chinyere, Okeke Chinyere, Agu Ifunanya, Ezumah Nkoli, Onwujekwe Obinna
Health Policy Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu-Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Health Administration and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Nigeria Enugu-Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
Afr J Reprod Health. 2021 Jun;25(3):21-29. doi: 10.29063/ajrh2021/v25i3.3.
Understanding factors that explain levels of awareness and use of contraceptives among adolescents is a critical entry point for improving their sexual and reproductive health. This study assessed the demographic and socioeconomic determinants of awareness and use of contraceptives among adolescents in rural and urban communities in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in three rural and urban communities in August, 2018. Modified cluster sampling technique was used to select eligible households. A total of 1045 adolescents (598 females and 447 males) were randomly selected from the households and interviewed using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The mean age is 15.4years (15.3 - 15.5) and the median age is 15.5years. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis were undertaken. Statistical significance was set at p-value of <0.05. Majority of respondents, 723 (68.9%), were aware of male condom. Place of residence predicts awareness of contraceptive pills (AOR 0.66, CI 0.48-0.91); schooling predicts awareness of male condoms (AOR 0.57; CI 0.32-0.99). Predictors of awareness of female condoms are place of residence (AOR 0.66, CI 0.47-0.93), gender (AOR 0.57, CI 0.32-0.99) and wealth index (AOR 1.16, CI 1.03-1.30). Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of respondents did not predict contraceptive use in the last sex. Although awareness of contraceptives is high, utilization is low among sexually active adolescents. Hence, the need to promote access to and utilization of contraceptives through comprehensive contraceptive education to improve adolescents sexual and reproductive health.
了解影响青少年避孕药具知晓率和使用率的因素，是改善其性健康和生殖健康的关键切入点。本研究评估了尼日利亚埃邦伊州城乡社区青少年避孕药具知晓率和使用率的人口统计学及社会经济决定因素。2018年8月，在三个城乡社区开展了一项横断面家庭调查。采用改良整群抽样技术选取符合条件的家庭。从这些家庭中随机抽取了1045名青少年（598名女性和447名男性），并使用预先测试的结构化问卷进行访谈。平均年龄为15.4岁（15.3 - 15.5岁），中位数年龄为15.5岁。进行了单变量、双变量和多变量分析。统计学显著性设定为p值<0.05。大多数受访者，即723人（68.9%），知晓男用避孕套。居住地可预测避孕药丸的知晓率（调整后比值比[AOR]为0.66，置信区间[CI]为0.48 - 0.91）；受教育程度可预测男用避孕套的知晓率（AOR为0.57；CI为0.32 - 0.99）。女用避孕套知晓率的预测因素包括居住地（AOR为0.66，CI为0.47 - 0.93）、性别（AOR为0.57，CI为0.32 - 0.99）和财富指数（AOR为1.16，CI为1.03 - 1.30）。受访者的人口统计学和社会经济特征并不能预测最近一次性行为中的避孕措施使用情况。尽管青少年对避孕药具的知晓率较高，但性活跃青少年中的使用率较低。因此，需要通过全面的避孕教育来促进避孕药具的获取和使用，以改善青少年的性健康和生殖健康。
