角膜移植的适应证和类型：印度东部过去 10 年（2011-2020 年）的趋势。
Indications and types of keratoplasties: Trends in the past 10 years (2011-2020) in Eastern India.
机构信息
Cornea and Anterior Segment Service, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
出版信息
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2023 Sep;71(9):3166-3170. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2636_22.
PURPOSE
To observe the trends of various types of keratoplasties in different etiologies over a period of 10 years (2011-2020) in a tertiary eye care center of eastern India.
METHODS
A retrospective review of patients undergoing keratoplasties from 2011 to 2020 was performed in a tertiary eye care hospital situated in eastern part of India. Apart from demographic data, primary indication for each surgery and type of procedure carried out was recorded. For comparison, data were divided into two time periods: Group I: Jan 2011 to Dec 2015 and Group II: Jan 2016 to Dec 2020.
RESULTS
Over a period of 10 years, a total of 2365 (Group I: 902, Group II: 1463) keratoplasties were performed. The average age of patients was 45.8 ± 19.9 and 46.9 ± 20.9 years in Group I and Group II, respectively. Among all the corneal grafts, 1747 (74%) surgeries were full-thickness. Although optical penetrating keratoplasty (OPK) was most the common indication for full-thickness keratoplasties, Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) remained most performed lamellar keratoplasty. Keratitis, corneal scars, and bullous keratopathies remain to be most common indications in both groups. Number of lamellar keratoplasties increased significantly from Group I to Group II for corneal scars (P = 0.02), bullous keratopathies (P = 0.01), and endothelial dystrophies (P = 0.00).
CONCLUSION
With change in time, the indication and technique of keratoplasty has witnessed a changing trend from full-thickness keratoplasty to lamellar keratoplasty. There is rise in trend of lamellar keratoplasties over the period.
目的
在印度东部的一家三级眼科护理中心，观察 10 年间（2011-2020 年）不同病因的各种类型角膜移植手术的趋势。
方法
对位于印度东部的一家三级眼科护理医院 2011 年至 2020 年间接受角膜移植手术的患者进行回顾性分析。除了人口统计学数据外，还记录了每例手术的主要适应证和所进行的手术类型。为了进行比较，数据分为两个时间段：第 I 组：2011 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月；第 II 组：2016 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月。
结果
在 10 年期间，共进行了 2365 例（第 I 组：902 例，第 II 组：1463 例）角膜移植手术。患者的平均年龄分别为第 I 组 45.8 ± 19.9 岁和第 II 组 46.9 ± 20.9 岁。在所有角膜移植物中，1747 例（74%）为全层。虽然光学穿透性角膜移植术（OPK）是全层角膜移植术最常见的适应证，但仍是最常见的板层角膜移植术。在两组中，角膜炎、角膜瘢痕和大疱性角膜病变仍然是最常见的适应证。与第 I 组相比，第 II 组角膜瘢痕（P = 0.02）、大疱性角膜病变（P = 0.01）和内皮营养不良（P = 0.00）的板层角膜移植术数量显著增加。
结论
随着时间的推移，角膜移植的适应证和技术已经从全层角膜移植术向板层角膜移植术转变。在此期间，板层角膜移植术的趋势有所上升。
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