Sanchez-Ramos D, López-Bellido Garrido F J, Acosta Hernández I, Rodríguez Romero L, Villaseñor Camacho J, Fernández-Morales F J
Research Group on Hydroecology, School of Civil Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela S/N 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Department of Plant Production and Agricultural Technology, School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava, s/n, 13003, Ciudad Real, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Nov 1;345:118765. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118765. Epub 2023 Aug 19.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of the use of different industrial and agricultural wastes as reactive materials in Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRB) for Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) remediation. Sugar foam (SF), paper mill sludge (PMS), drinking water sludge (DWS) and olive mill waste (OMW) were evaluated in terms of pH neutralization and metal removal from AMD. Laboratory batch tests and continuous pilot scale up-flow columns containing 82% of Volcanic Slag (VS), as porous fill material, and 18% w/w of one of the industrial and agricultural wastes previously indicated, were tested. From the batch tests it was observed that the reactive material presenting the best results were the SF and the PMS. The results obtained in all the PRB were accurately described by a pseudo-first order model, presenting coefficient of determination higher than 0.96 in all the cases. During the continuous operation of the PRB, the porosity and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of most of the up-flow columns strongly decreased due to chemical precipitation and biofilm growth. The SF presented a significant number of fine particles that were washed out by the liquid flow, generating an effluent with very high total suspended solid concentration. Despite SF was the material with the highest alkalinity potential, the reduction of the HRT limited its neutralization and metal removal capacity. PMS and DWS presented the best pollutant removal yields in the continuous operation of the PRB, ranging from 55 to 99% and 55-95% (except in the case of the Mn), respectively. These results allowed the metal removal from the AMD. Additionally, these wastes presented very good biological sulphate reduction. Based on these results, the use of PMS and DWS as reactive material in PRB would allow to simultaneously valorise the industrial waste, which is very interesting within the circular economy framework, and to remove metals from the AMD by means of a low-cost and environmentally sustainable procedure.
这项工作的目的是评估使用不同的工农业废弃物作为反应性材料用于可渗透反应屏障（PRB）中修复酸性矿山排水（AMD）的可行性。对糖泡沫（SF）、造纸厂污泥（PMS）、饮用水污泥（DWS）和橄榄厂废渣（OMW）进行了从AMD中进行pH中和及金属去除方面的评估。进行了实验室批量试验以及连续中试规模的上流式柱试验，柱中含有82%的火山渣（VS）作为多孔填充材料以及18% w/w的前述工农业废弃物之一。从批量试验中观察到，表现出最佳结果的反应性材料是SF和PMS。所有PRB中获得的结果都能用准一级模型准确描述，所有情况下决定系数均高于0.96。在PRB的连续运行期间，由于化学沉淀和生物膜生长，大多数上流式柱的孔隙率和水力停留时间（HRT）大幅下降。SF存在大量被液流冲走的细颗粒，产生了总悬浮固体浓度非常高的流出物。尽管SF是碱度潜力最高的材料，但HRT的降低限制了其中和及金属去除能力。在PRB的连续运行中，PMS和DWS表现出最佳的污染物去除率，分别为55%至99%和55 - 95%（除锰的情况外）。这些结果实现了从AMD中去除金属。此外，这些废弃物表现出非常好的生物硫酸盐还原能力。基于这些结果，在PRB中使用PMS和DWS作为反应性材料将能够在循环经济框架内同时使工业废弃物增值，并且通过低成本和环境可持续的程序从AMD中去除金属。
