Integrative Biochemistry & Immunology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, India.
Department of Life Science, Presidency University, Kolkata, India.
J Cell Mol Med. 2023 Oct;27(19):2819-2840. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.17913. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
More than half a century has passed since the introduction of the National Filariasis Control Program; however, as of 2023, lymphatic filariasis (LF) still prevails globally, particularly in the tropical and subtropical regions, posing a substantial challenge to the objective of worldwide elimination. LF is affecting human beings and its economically important livestock leading to a crucial contributor to morbidities and disabilities. The current scenario has been blowing up alarms of attention to develop potent therapeutics and strategies having efficiency against the adult stage of filarial nematodes. In this context, the exploration of a suitable drug target that ensures lethality to macro and microfilariae is now our first goal to achieve. Apoptosis has been the potential target across all three stages of filarial nematodes viz. oocytes, microfilariae (mf) and adults resulting in filarial death after receiving the signal from the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and executed through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Hence, it is considered a leading target for developing antifilarial drugs. Herein, we have shown the efficacy of several natural and synthetic compounds/nanoformulations in triggering the apoptotic death of filarial parasites with little or no toxicity to the host body system.
自国家丝虫病控制规划引入以来，已经过去了半个多世纪；然而，截至 2023 年，淋巴丝虫病（LF）仍然在全球流行，特别是在热带和亚热带地区，这对全球消除的目标构成了重大挑战。LF 不仅影响人类，还影响其具有重要经济价值的牲畜，是导致发病率和残疾率升高的重要因素。目前的情况引发了人们对开发针对丝虫线虫成虫阶段的有效治疗方法和策略的关注。在这种情况下，寻找一种能够对大、微丝蚴都具有致死性的合适药物靶点，成为了我们的首要目标。细胞凋亡是丝虫线虫的三个阶段（卵母细胞、微丝蚴（mf）和成虫）的潜在靶点，在接收到活性氧（ROS）发出的信号后，通过内在和外在途径，导致丝虫死亡。因此，它被认为是开发抗丝虫药物的主要靶点。本文展示了几种天然和合成化合物/纳米制剂在触发丝虫寄生虫细胞凋亡方面的功效，这些化合物/纳米制剂对宿主的身体系统几乎没有毒性或毒性很小。
