J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Aug 25;261(S2):S34-S43. doi: 10.2460/javma.23.06.0330. Print 2023 Dec 1.
Cleft palate is the most common congenital orofacial defect in dogs. Although this topic has been extensively studied in experimental dogs, current literature on clinical patients is limited to case reports and small case series studies with many individual opinions based on experience. This narrative review summarizes the literature of the last 10 years with application to clinical practice, focusing on the preparation of the patient until surgery, options for surgical management, and perioperative complications. Surgical treatment must be performed to obtain separation between the nasal/nasopharyngeal and oral/oropharyngeal passages. This will allow the dog to have independent function and reduce clinical signs associated with food, water, and other foreign material entering the respiratory tract. Surgical treatment has good to excellent outcomes when the procedure is carefully planned and appropriately executed despite the high rates of postoperative oronasal fistula reported.
腭裂是犬最常见的先天性口面畸形。尽管这个话题在实验犬中已经得到了广泛研究，但目前关于临床患者的文献仅限于病例报告和小病例系列研究，这些研究基于经验提出了许多个人意见。本综述总结了过去 10 年的文献，应用于临床实践，重点介绍了患者从准备手术到手术管理以及围手术期并发症的各个方面。手术治疗必须进行，以实现鼻腔/鼻咽部和口腔/口咽部的分离。这将使狗能够独立呼吸，并减少与食物、水和其他异物进入呼吸道相关的临床症状。尽管报告的术后口鼻瘘发生率很高，但只要手术精心计划并适当执行，手术治疗的结果通常是良好到极好的。
