哥伦比亚安蒂奥基亚省专门化奶牛场牛白血病病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒和牛新孢子虫病的血清流行率。

Bovine leukosis virus, bovine viral diarrhea, and bovine neosporosis seroprevalence in specialized dairy herds in Antioquia-Colombia.

机构信息

Master Student in Animal Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Medellín Campus, Medellín, Colombia.

Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Research Group Biogénesis, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.

出版信息

Trop Anim Health Prod. 2023 Sep 1;55(5):294. doi: 10.1007/s11250-023-03685-2.

DOI:10.1007/s11250-023-03685-2

PMID:37656253

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10474163/

Abstract

Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bovine leukosis virus (BLV), a Deltaretrovirus. Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is an infectious disease caused by a pestivirus. Bovine neosporosis is caused by the obligate intracellular parasite Neospora caninum (Nc). These pathogens can have horizontal (postnatal) or vertical (transplacental) transmissions and affect the productive and reproductive performance of infected bovines. This work aimed to detect BLV, BVD, and Nc seroprevalence in specialized dairy cattle from the north, east, and Aburrá Valley regions of the Department of Antioquia, the highest in milk production regions in Antioquia. A total of 599 blood samples, obtained from 53 specialized dairy cattle herds, were evaluated by the ELISA test. The results revealed a seroprevalence of 41.13% for BLV (242/599), 28.48% (163/599) for Nc, and 22.7% (132/599) for BVD. Regarding the regional seroprevalence evaluation, BLV was found in 47.02% of the samples from the east, 36.87% from the north, and 46.02% from the Aburrá Valley. Nc was found in 31.03% of the samples from the east, 24.26% from the north, and 36.63% from Aburrá Valley. BVD was found in 21.62% of the samples from the east, 25.03% from the north region, and 10.39% of the samples from the Aburrá Valley. It is highlighted by these results that the north region, with the highest milk production in Antioquia, had the lowest BLV and Nc seroprevalences but the highest seroprevalence of BVD. BLV has increased in Antioquia in recent years, and as an immunosuppressive infection, opportunities for other pathogens are created by it. A significant statistical difference was found in the average prevalence of the pathogens according to the municipality, cattle breed, and region of origin of the sample. The seroprevalence of these pathogens in specialized dairy herds in Antioquia can be classified as medium-low. However, it is recommended that biosecurity practices should be maximized to avoid the spread of these pathogens due to the variability detected in the region, municipality, breed group, and herd age. The rapid and efficient diagnosis of these three pathogens through reliable methodologies will allow for the control of dissemination in dairy herds.

摘要

牛白血病（EBL）是一种由牛白血病病毒（BLV）引起的慢性传染病，BLV 是一种德尔塔逆转录病毒。牛病毒性腹泻（BVD）是一种由瘟病毒引起的传染病。牛新孢子虫病是由专性细胞内寄生虫牛新孢子虫（Nc）引起的。这些病原体可以通过水平（产后）或垂直（胎盘）传播，并影响受感染奶牛的生产和繁殖性能。本研究旨在检测安蒂奥基亚省北部、东部和阿布拉山谷地区专门饲养奶牛的 BLV、BVD 和 Nc 血清流行率，这些地区是安蒂奥基亚省牛奶产量最高的地区。总共评估了 53 个专门饲养奶牛场的 599 份血样，采用 ELISA 试验进行检测。结果显示，BLV 的血清阳性率为 41.13%（242/599），Nc 为 28.48%（163/599），BVD 为 22.7%（132/599）。关于地区血清流行率评估，东部地区的 BLV 样本阳性率为 47.02%，北部地区为 36.87%，阿布拉山谷地区为 46.02%。东部地区的 Nc 样本阳性率为 31.03%，北部地区为 24.26%，阿布拉山谷地区为 36.63%。东部地区的 BVD 样本阳性率为 21.62%，北部地区为 25.03%，阿布拉山谷地区为 10.39%。这些结果表明，在安蒂奥基亚省，牛奶产量最高的北部地区 BLV 和 Nc 的血清阳性率最低，但 BVD 的血清阳性率最高。近年来，BLV 在安蒂奥基亚省有所增加，并且作为一种免疫抑制性感染，为其他病原体创造了机会。根据市政当局、牛品种和样本来源地区，病原体的平均流行率存在显著的统计学差异。安蒂奥基亚省专门饲养奶牛场的这些病原体的血清流行率可归类为中低水平。然而，建议应最大限度地采取生物安全措施，避免因该地区、市政当局、牛群组和牛群年龄检测到的变异性而传播这些病原体。通过可靠的方法快速有效地诊断这三种病原体，将有助于控制奶牛群中的传播。