Yang Geng, Li Zhigan, Li Zhenpeng, Huang Linjie, Liang Peiyi, Liu Lining, Li Dingge
Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, Guangdong, China.
School of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510500, Guangdong, China.
Heliyon. 2023 Aug 22;9(9):e19339. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19339. eCollection 2023 Sep.
The decrease in physical function resulting from COVID-19 infection exerts a substantial negative influence on the quality of life of individuals. Physical activity plays a crucial and irreplaceable role in hastening the elimination of adverse effects on the body caused by acute and chronic diseases. Nevertheless, there have been reports of unfavorable events following physical activity post-COVID-19 infection, sparking debate regarding the efficacy of physical activity as a rehabilitation method to enhance the physical function of COVID-19 patients.
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of physical activity on promoting the restoration of physical function among individuals with COVID-19, and to offer guidance for the advancement and consideration of physical activity in the rehabilitation treatment of COVID-19 patients.
A search was conducted on the PubMed and Web of Science core collection databases, with the search period set from January 1, 2020, to February 6, 2023. The included literature was assessed for risk of bias and methodological quality according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, utilizing Review Manager 5.1 software. The outcome measures from the included studies were analyzed, and the quality of evidence for the outcome measures was graded using the GRADE classification criteria.
The effect of physical activity intervention on improving the 6-Minute Walk Test score in COVID-19 patients was better than that of conventional treatment [WMD = 69.19(95%CI = 39.38, 98.99), I = 57%(p = 0.03)]. The effect of physical activity on improving the 30-Second Sit-to-Stand Test score was better than that of conventional treatment [WMD = 2.98(95%CI = 1.91, 4.04), I = 0%(p = 0.56)]. There was no significant difference between physical activity and conventional treatment in improving Grip strength in COVID-19 patients [WMD = 2.35(95%CI = -0.49, 5.20), I = 0%(p = 0.80)]. The effect of physical activity on improving the Timed Up and Go test score in COVID-19 patients was better than that of conventional treatment [WMD = -1.16(95%CI = -1.98, -0.34), I = 4%(p = 0.35)]. The effect of physical activity on improving Forced Vital Capacity in COVID-19 patients was better than that of conventional treatment [WMD = 0.14(95%CI = 0.08, 0.21), I = 0%(p = 0.45)]. The effect of physical activity on improving Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second in COVID-19 patients was better than that of conventional treatment [WMD = 0.08(95%CI = 0.02, 0.15), I = 52%(p = 0.10)].
Physical activity plays a crucial role in facilitating the recovery of exercise capacity and pulmonary function in COVID-19 patients, helping to expedite the restoration of overall physical health. It is crucial for COVID-19 patients to undergo an accurate assessment of their physical condition before engaging in any physical activity.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染导致的身体功能下降对个体生活质量产生了重大负面影响。体育活动在加速消除急慢性疾病对身体造成的不良影响方面发挥着关键且不可替代的作用。然而，有报道称COVID-19感染后进行体育活动出现了不良事件，这引发了关于体育活动作为一种康复方法来增强COVID-19患者身体功能的疗效的争论。
本研究旨在探讨体育活动对促进COVID-19患者身体功能恢复的影响，并为COVID-19患者康复治疗中体育活动的推进和考量提供指导。
在PubMed和Web of Science核心合集数据库中进行检索，检索时间段设定为2020年1月1日至2023年2月6日。根据《Cochrane系统评价干预措施手册》，利用Review Manager 5.1软件对纳入文献进行偏倚风险和方法学质量评估。对纳入研究的结局指标进行分析，并使用GRADE分类标准对结局指标的证据质量进行分级。
体育活动干预对改善COVID-19患者6分钟步行试验得分的效果优于传统治疗[加权均数差（WMD）=69.19（95%可信区间（CI）=39.38，98.99），I²=57%（P=0.03）]。体育活动对改善COVID-19患者30秒坐立试验得分的效果优于传统治疗[WMD=2.98（95%CI=1.91，4.04），I²=0%（P=0.56）]。体育活动与传统治疗在改善COVID-19患者握力方面无显著差异[WMD=2.35（95%CI=-0.49，5.20），I²=0%（P=0.80）]。体育活动对改善COVID-19患者计时起立行走试验得分的效果优于传统治疗[WMD=-1.16（95%CI=-1.98，-0.34），I²=4%（P=0.35）]。体育活动对改善COVID-19患者用力肺活量的效果优于传统治疗[WMD=0.14（95%CI=0.08，0.21），I²=0%（P=0.45）]。体育活动对改善COVID-19患者第1秒用力呼气量的效果优于传统治疗[WMD=0.08（95%CI=0.02，0.15），I²=52%（P=0.10）]。
体育活动在促进COVID-19患者运动能力和肺功能恢复方面起着关键作用，有助于加速整体身体健康的恢复。COVID-19患者在进行任何体育活动前对其身体状况进行准确评估至关重要。
