School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University.
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital.
J Glaucoma. 2023 Nov 1;32(11):954-961. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002292. Epub 2023 Aug 15.
There was a significant inverse linear relationship between age at menopause and open angle glaucoma (OAG). Late menarche (≥13 y) and a history of 5 or more deliveries were significantly associated with an increased risk of OAG.
To determine the association between reproductive factors including age at menarche, age at menopause, reproductive period, parity, and the risk of OAG in women.
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched until February 9, 2022. Studies were included if they assessed the association between reproductive factors and OAG. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with relevant 95% CIs were extracted and pooled using fixed-effects models. Besides, we conducted dose-response analyses via the generalized least squares for trend method.
Seven articles including 18,618 women were identified in this review. The pooled results indicated that late age at menarche (≥13 y) was significantly associated with an increased risk of OAG (OR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.43). Early menopause (<45 y) also significantly elevated the risk of OAG (OR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.90) in categorical meta-analyses, consistent with the inverse linear relationship between menopausal age and the risk of OAG in dose-response analyses ( P =0.002). In addition, women who had delivered at least 5 children were at significantly higher risk of OAG compared with those nulliparous (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.02, 5.39), and a J-shape relationship between parity and OAG was observed in dose-response analyses ( P <0.001).
Late menarche (≥13 y), early menopause (<45 y), and a history of 5 or more parturitions are possible risk factors for OAG. Longitudinal studies are warranted to further examine the relationships between reproductive factors and the risk of OAG.
绝经年龄与开角型青光眼（OAG）呈显著负线性关系。初潮晚（≥13 岁）和 5 次或以上分娩史与 OAG 风险增加显著相关。
确定包括初潮年龄、绝经年龄、生育期、产次在内的生殖因素与女性 OAG 风险之间的关系。
检索 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science，检索时间截至 2022 年 2 月 9 日。如果研究评估了生殖因素与 OAG 之间的关系，则纳入研究。使用固定效应模型提取并汇总了具有相关 95%置信区间的调整后比值比（OR）。此外，我们还通过广义最小二乘法进行了剂量-反应分析。
本综述共纳入了 7 篇文章，共纳入 18618 名女性。汇总结果表明，初潮晚（≥13 岁）与 OAG 风险增加显著相关（OR=1.76，95%CI：1.28，2.43）。绝经年龄早（<45 岁）在分类荟萃分析中也显著增加了 OAG 的风险（OR=1.89，95%CI：1.23，2.90），与绝经年龄与 OAG 风险之间的负线性关系一致在剂量-反应分析中（P=0.002）。此外，与未生育的女性相比，至少生育 5 个孩子的女性患 OAG 的风险显著更高（OR=2.35，95%CI：1.02，5.39），并且在剂量-反应分析中观察到产次与 OAG 之间呈 J 形关系（P<0.001）。
初潮晚（≥13 岁）、绝经早（<45 岁）和 5 次或以上分娩史可能是 OAG 的危险因素。需要进行纵向研究以进一步研究生殖因素与 OAG 风险之间的关系。
