Division of Cardiology, Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Division of Cardiology, Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Cardiol. 2023 Oct 15;205:481-492. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.06.096. Epub 2023 Sep 8.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common inherited cardiac condition in which regional myocardial thickening and scarring can lead to a range of symptoms including breathlessness, dizziness, chest pain, and collapse with loss of consciousness. It is vital to be able to understand the mechanisms behind these epiphenomena and to be able to distinguish, for example, between syncope because of arrhythmia versus syncope because of mechanical outflow tract obstruction. Therefore, we require a technique that can characterize anatomy, physiology, and myocardial substrate. Traditionally, this role has been the preserve of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. This review makes the case for cardiac computed tomography (CT) as an alternative imaging method. We review the use of functional CT to identify the components of outflow tract obstruction (and obstruction at other levels, which may be simultaneous), and as an aid to interventional and surgical planning. We demonstrate the added value of multiplanar isotropic reformats in this condition, particularly in cases where the diagnosis may be more challenging or where complications (such as early apical aneurysm) may be difficult to recognize with 2-dimensional techniques. In conclusion, our aim is to convince readers that cardiac CT is a highly valuable and versatile tool, which deserves wider usage and greater recognition in those caring for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
肥厚型心肌病是一种常见的遗传性心脏病,局部心肌肥厚和瘢痕形成可导致一系列症状,包括呼吸困难、头晕、胸痛和意识丧失性晕厥。了解这些现象背后的机制并能够区分,例如,心律失常引起的晕厥与机械流出道梗阻引起的晕厥至关重要。因此,我们需要一种能够描述解剖结构、生理学和心肌底物的技术。传统上,这一角色一直由心脏磁共振成像(CMR)来承担。本综述认为心脏计算机断层扫描(CT)是一种替代成像方法。我们回顾了使用功能 CT 来识别流出道梗阻(和其他水平的梗阻,可能同时存在)的组成部分,并作为介入和手术计划的辅助手段。我们展示了在这种情况下多平面各向同性重建成像的附加价值,特别是在诊断可能更具挑战性的情况下,或者在二维技术可能难以识别并发症(如早期心尖动脉瘤)的情况下。总之,我们的目的是让读者相信心脏 CT 是一种非常有价值和多功能的工具,在治疗肥厚型心肌病患者方面值得更广泛的应用和更多的认可。