尼日利亚异性恋和性少数群体青少年的韧性、焦虑、抑郁和精神活性物质使用的横断面研究。
A cross-sectional study on resilience, anxiety, depression, and psychoactive substance use among heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents in Nigeria.
机构信息
Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2023 Sep 9;23(1):1759. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-16660-1.
BACKGROUND
Mental health-related problems predispose alcohol and other psychoactive substances use as coping strategies. We assessed associations between resilience and anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, problematic alcohol, and multiple psychoactive substance use among sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents in Nigeria.
METHODS
This was a secondary analysis of a subset of data generated through an online cross-sectional study conducted between 16 and 31 of October 2020. Data extracted for adolescents in Nigeria age 13-19 years were: dependent variables (alcohol use using the CAGE test, multiple psychoactive substance use, depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and anxiety symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 measure); independent variables (resilience using the Connor-Davidson resilience scale and sexual identity), and confounding factors (age and sex). Associations between dependent and independent variables were determined using multivariable logistic regression analyses after controlling for confounders.
RESULTS
Of the 1419 adolescent participants, 593 (42%) were sexual minority individuals, 533 (37.6%) had high depressive symptoms, 381 (26.8%) had high anxiety symptoms, 177 (12.5%) had problematic alcohol use and 389 (27.4%) used multiple psychoactive substances. Resilience was significantly associated with lower odds of anxiety (AOR:0.96, 95% CI: 0.94-0.97, p < 0.001) and depressive (AOR:0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.96, p < 0.001) symptoms, problematic alcohol use (AOR:0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, p = 0.002), and multiple psychoactive substance use (AOR:0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.96, p < 0.001). Sexual minority adolescents had significantly higher odds of anxiety (AOR:4.14, 95% CI: 3.16-5.40, p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (AOR:4.79; 95% CI: 3.73-6.15, p < 0.001), problematic alcohol use (AOR:2.48, 95% CI: 1.76-3.49, p < 0.001), and multiple psychoactive substance use (AOR:5.69, 95% CI: 4.34-7.47, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Sexual minority adolescents and adolescents with low resilience have a higher need for interventions to reduce the risk of anxiety, depression, and the use of alcohol and other psychoactive substances.
背景
心理健康相关问题使人们更容易使用酒精和其他精神活性物质作为应对策略。我们评估了尼日利亚性少数群体和异性恋青少年的韧性与焦虑症状、抑郁症状、问题性饮酒和多种精神活性物质使用之间的关联。
方法
这是一项于 2020 年 10 月 16 日至 31 日期间通过在线横断面研究生成的部分数据的二次分析。为年龄在 13-19 岁的尼日利亚青少年提取了以下数据：因变量（使用 CAGE 测试的饮酒情况、多种精神活性物质使用、使用患者健康问卷-9 的抑郁症状和使用广泛性焦虑症-7 量表的焦虑症状）；自变量（使用 Connor-Davidson 韧性量表的韧性和性身份）和混杂因素（年龄和性别）。在控制混杂因素后，使用多变量逻辑回归分析确定因变量和自变量之间的关联。
结果
在 1419 名青少年参与者中，593 名（42%）为性少数群体，533 名（37.6%）有较高的抑郁症状，381 名（26.8%）有较高的焦虑症状，177 名（12.5%）有问题性饮酒，389 名（27.4%）使用多种精神活性物质。韧性与较低的焦虑（优势比：0.96，95%置信区间：0.94-0.97，p<0.001）和抑郁（优势比：0.94，95%置信区间：0.92-0.96，p<0.001）症状、问题性饮酒（优势比：0.97，95%置信区间：0.95-0.99，p=0.002）和多种精神活性物质使用（优势比：0.95，95%置信区间：0.93-0.96，p<0.001）显著相关。性少数群体青少年的焦虑（优势比：4.14，95%置信区间：3.16-5.40，p<0.001）和抑郁症状（优势比：4.79；95%置信区间：3.73-6.15，p<0.001）、问题性饮酒（优势比：2.48，95%置信区间：1.76-3.49，p<0.001）和多种精神活性物质使用（优势比：5.69，95%置信区间：4.34-7.47，p<0.001）的可能性显著更高。
结论
性少数群体青少年和韧性较低的青少年更需要干预措施来降低焦虑、抑郁以及使用酒精和其他精神活性物质的风险。
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