Fazli Maryam, Yazdani Reza, Mohebbi Simin Zahra, Shamshiri Ahmad Reza
Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dental Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Dent. 2023 Jul 26;20:27. doi: 10.18502/fid.v20i27.13345. eCollection 2023.
Oral health literacy (OHL) is an interplay of cultural, social and individual factors and plays an effective role in public health promotion. This study aimed to assess OHL and its socioeconomic and demographic determinants among young couples. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 828 adults between 15 to 35 years in 2018 in Zanjan city. Data regarding their OHL were collected by using a 17-item Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire (OHL-AQ) that was filled out by a combination of self-report and interview. OHL was categorized as adequate, marginal, and inadequate. The effects of age and gender as demographic variables, and floor area per person as a proxy of financial status on OHL were also assessed. Data were analyzed using the linear and multinomial logistic regression models. The mean OHL score was 7.86±3.83 out of 17 in equal number of males and females. Only 21% of the couples had adequate OHL. The socioeconomic, but not demographic variables had significant correlations with the qualitative and quantitative variables of OHL even after controlling for the effect of confounders. A correlation was particularly found between inadequate OHL and years of education [odds ratio:6.00; 95% CI: 3.86-9.28); P<0.001]. Socioeconomic factors had independent correlations with inadequate OHL. Participants with higher levels of education, those living in urban areas, and individuals with better financial status had higher levels of OHL and lower odds of inadequate OHL.
口腔健康素养（OHL）是文化、社会和个体因素相互作用的结果，在促进公众健康方面发挥着有效作用。本研究旨在评估年轻夫妇的口腔健康素养及其社会经济和人口统计学决定因素。这项分析性横断面研究于2018年在赞詹市对828名15至35岁的成年人进行。通过使用一份由17个项目组成的成人口腔健康素养问卷（OHL-AQ）收集他们的口腔健康素养数据，该问卷通过自我报告和访谈相结合的方式填写。口腔健康素养分为充足、边缘和不足三类。还评估了年龄和性别作为人口统计学变量，以及人均建筑面积作为财务状况代理指标对口腔健康素养的影响。使用线性和多项逻辑回归模型对数据进行分析。在男性和女性数量相等的情况下，口腔健康素养平均得分在17分中为7.86±3.83分。只有21%的夫妇具备充足的口腔健康素养。即使在控制混杂因素的影响后，社会经济变量而非人口统计学变量与口腔健康素养的定性和定量变量仍存在显著相关性。尤其发现口腔健康素养不足与受教育年限之间存在相关性[比值比：6.00；95%置信区间：3.86 - 9.28；P<0.001]。社会经济因素与口腔健康素养不足存在独立相关性。受教育程度较高、居住在城市地区以及财务状况较好的参与者口腔健康素养水平较高，口腔健康素养不足的几率较低。
