Müller M, Bullinger Y, Pohlemann T, Orth M
Klinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße 100, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland.
Chirurgie (Heidelb). 2023 Dec;94(12):1045-1056. doi: 10.1007/s00104-023-01958-y. Epub 2023 Sep 13.
Fractures of the clavicle are among the most common fractures. They typically result from a fall onto the lateral shoulder or the extended arm and are often related to sports and bicycle accidents. Obtaining the exact trauma mechanism, proper clinical findings and adequate X‑rays usually lead to the correct diagnosis. Non-displacement fractures can be treated conservatively with good results. Unstable and displaced fractures should be treated operatively. Open fractures or looming penetration are emergencies und should be treated immediately. In addition to fracture classification and morphology, other factors such as additional injuries and patient-related factors need to be considered in order to make an individualized therapy decision. In operative treatment, angular stable plating is the therapy of choice, and in most cases early functional aftercare is possible.
锁骨骨折是最常见的骨折之一。它们通常是由于肩部外侧或伸展手臂着地所致,常与运动和自行车事故有关。明确确切的受伤机制、恰当的临床症状及充分的X线检查通常能得出正确诊断。无移位骨折可采用保守治疗,效果良好。不稳定和移位骨折应采取手术治疗。开放性骨折或即将穿透的骨折属于急症,应立即治疗。除了骨折分类和形态外,为做出个体化治疗决策,还需考虑其他因素,如合并损伤和患者相关因素。在手术治疗中,角度稳定钢板固定是首选治疗方法,且在大多数情况下早期进行功能康复护理是可行的。