Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
Department of Molecular Protozoology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Nov;67(21):e2300185. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202300185. Epub 2023 Sep 14.
Malaria remains one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a main ingredient of traditional spice Wasabia japonica, which is reported to have anti-bacterial and antiparasitic activities. However, there is no information on effects of AITC against malaria. The present study investigates the anti-malarial activity of dietary AITC in vivo and that of AITC metabolites in vitro.
The ad libitum administration of 35, 175, or 350 µM AITC-containing drinking water to ICR mice significantly inhibit the parasitemia induced after infection with Plasmodium berghei. On the other hand, after single oral administration of AITC (20 mg kg body weight), N-acetyl-S-(N-allylthiocarbamoyl)-l-cysteine (NAC-AITC) as one of the AITC metabolites displays a serum C of 11.4 µM at a T of 0.5 h, but AITC is not detected at any time point. Moreover, NAC-AITC shows anti-malarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro, and its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC ) against parasitemia is 12.6 µM.
These results indicate that orally administered AITC is metabolized to NAC-AITC and exerts anti-malarial activity against malaria parasites in blood, suggesting that the consumption of AITC-containing food stuffs such as cruciferous plants may prevent malaria.
疟疾仍然是世界上最重要的传染病之一。丙烯基异硫氰酸酯（AITC）是传统香料Wasabia japonica 的主要成分，据报道具有抗菌和抗寄生虫活性。然而，目前尚无关于 AITC 抗疟作用的信息。本研究调查了饮食 AITC 在体内和 AITC 代谢物在体外的抗疟活性。
ICR 小鼠随意饮用含 35、175 或 350µM AITC 的饮用水，可显著抑制感染疟原虫后引起的寄生虫血症。另一方面，单次口服 AITC（20mg/kg 体重）后，作为 AITC 代谢物之一的 N-乙酰-S-（N-丙烯基硫代羰酰基）-L-半胱氨酸（NAC-AITC）在 T 为 0.5 小时时血清 C 为 11.4µM，但在任何时间点均未检测到 AITC。此外，NAC-AITC 对体外疟原虫具有抗疟活性，其对寄生虫血症的 50%抑制浓度（IC ）为 12.6µM。
这些结果表明，口服给予的 AITC 被代谢为 NAC-AITC，并对血液中的疟原虫寄生虫发挥抗疟作用，这表明食用含有 AITC 的食物（如十字花科植物）可能预防疟疾。
