Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Di Scandicci 269, 50143, Florence, Italy.
Neurol Sci. 2024 Feb;45(2):539-546. doi: 10.1007/s10072-023-07073-4. Epub 2023 Sep 15.
Recent data suggest that the deleterious effect on general health and cognition of ε4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) observed in the elderly population, may attenuate in extreme aging. This study aimed to describe the ApoE genotype distribution and its relationship with cognition in a group of nonagenarians living in the Mugello area, Italy.
Cognition was evaluated using the Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE). DNA was extracted from blood samples to determine ApoE genotyping. Participants were classified into three ApoE groups (ε2, ε3, ε4). Logistic and linear regression models were created, to assess the relationship between ApoE genotype group and dementia diagnosis and cognitive performance, respectively.
169 subjects were included. ApoE ε3 was the most prevalent genotype (76.3%). Dementia prevalence was 26.6% and it was not associated with the presence of ApoE ε4. Participants of ε4 group were significantly more likely to have lower cognitive performances than ε2 and ε3, independently of a dementia diagnosis.
Results support that ApoE genotype no longer plays a role in the health condition of the oldest old, however, an interaction is detectable between ApoE polymorphism and cognitive performances at this extreme age.
最近的数据表明，载脂蛋白 E（ApoE）ε4 等位基因对老年人的一般健康和认知能力的有害影响，可能在极端衰老中减弱。本研究旨在描述意大利穆杰罗地区一组 90 岁以上老年人的 ApoE 基因型分布及其与认知能力的关系。
使用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）评估认知能力。从血液样本中提取 DNA 以确定 ApoE 基因分型。参与者分为 ApoE 基因型组（ε2、ε3、ε4）。建立了逻辑回归和线性回归模型，以评估 ApoE 基因型组与痴呆诊断和认知表现之间的关系。
共纳入 169 名受试者。ApoE ε3 是最常见的基因型（76.3%）。痴呆的患病率为 26.6%，与 ApoE ε4 的存在无关。ε4 组的参与者认知表现明显低于 ε2 和 ε3 组，无论是否患有痴呆症。
结果支持 ApoE 基因型在最年长的老年人的健康状况中不再起作用，然而，在这个极端年龄，ApoE 多态性与认知表现之间可以检测到相互作用。
