Food Saf (Tokyo). 2023 Sep 22;11(3):62-63. doi: 10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.D-23-00008. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Food Safety Commission of Japan (FSCJ) conducted a risk assessment of cyphenothrin (CAS No. 39515-40-7), a pyrethroid insecticide, intended to be used to exterminate cockroaches in piggeries. This was based on documents of pigsty sprays containing the active substance ∙-T-Cyphenothrin submitted, and risk assessment reports of EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and others. The data of -T80-Cyphenothrin and -T-Cyphenothrin, with different abundance ratios of the eight optical isomers composing both cyphenothrins, were used for the evaluation. The data used in the assessment include pharmacokinetics (rats), residues (rats), genotoxicity, acute toxicity (mice and rats), subacute toxicity (mice, rats and dogs), chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity (mice, rats and dogs), reproductive toxicity (rats and rabbits), neurotoxicity (rats), general pharmacology and others. In the various genotoxicity tests, no genotoxicity of -T80-Cyphenothrin were observed on living organisms. -T-Cyphenothrin was not expected to cause genotoxity from the results of -T80-Cyphenothrin studies. FSCJ thus recognized it to be possible to specify an acceptable daily intake (ADI). The lowest no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) obtained from all the studies was 3 mg/kg bw per day. This value was based on the following effects of administration using -T80-Cyphenothrin in dogs: Vomiting in a 13-week subacute toxicity study in males and females, and vomiting and redness of the oral mucous membranes in a 52-week chronic toxicity study in males. Addition of the safety factor 2 was appropriate based on the fact that the toxicity of -T-Cyphenothrin was slightly stronger than that of -T80-Cyphenothrin. FSCJ thus specified an acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 0.015 mg/kg bw per day after applying a safety factor of 200 to the NOAEL.
日本食品安全委员会（FSCJ）对拟用于猪场杀灭蟑螂的拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂氯氰菊酯（CAS编号：39515 - 40 - 7）进行了风险评估。此次评估基于提交的含有活性物质右旋反式氯氰菊酯的猪舍喷雾剂文件以及美国环境保护局（EPA）等机构的风险评估报告。评估使用了由两种氯氰菊酯组成的八种光学异构体丰度比不同的右旋反式氯氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯的数据。评估中使用的数据包括药代动力学（大鼠）、残留（大鼠）、遗传毒性、急性毒性（小鼠和大鼠）、亚急性毒性（小鼠、大鼠和狗）、慢性毒性/致癌性（小鼠、大鼠和狗）、生殖毒性（大鼠和兔子）、神经毒性（大鼠）、一般药理学等。在各种遗传毒性试验中，未观察到右旋反式氯氰菊酯对生物体有遗传毒性。根据右旋反式氯氰菊酯的研究结果，预计氯氰菊酯不会引起遗传毒性。因此，日本食品安全委员会认为可以确定每日允许摄入量（ADI）。所有研究得出的最低未观察到有害作用水平（NOAEL）为每天3毫克/千克体重。该值基于在狗身上使用右旋反式氯氰菊酯给药后的以下影响：在一项为期13周的雄性和雌性亚急性毒性研究中出现呕吐，以及在一项为期52周的雄性慢性毒性研究中出现呕吐和口腔黏膜发红。基于氯氰菊酯的毒性略强于右旋反式氯氰菊酯这一事实，添加安全系数2是合适的。因此，日本食品安全委员会在对NOAEL应用200的安全系数后，确定每日允许摄入量（ADI）为每天0.015毫克/千克体重。
