Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Departments of Health Sciences and Applied Psychology, Institute for Health Equity and Social Justice Research, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Am J Prev Med. 2024 Feb;66(2):260-268. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.09.021. Epub 2023 Sep 25.
Weight stigma is widespread and exists across numerous domains including health care, educational institutions, workplaces, mass media, and interpersonal relationships. Weight stigma experienced during the college years may be particularly consequential because the college years are a period of increased vulnerability for the development of mental health concerns. The purpose of the present study was to examine how experiences of weight stigma relate to mental health concerns, including symptoms of eating disorders, anxiety, and depression, among college students.
Prevalence of interpersonal and anticipated weight stigma was examined among 2,707 students participating in the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 Healthy Minds Study and tested for differences in prevalence across student characteristics. Logistic regression was used to explore relationships between measures of weight stigma and student mental health. Analyses were conducted in 2021-2023.
Interpersonal and anticipated weight stigma were reported by 12.3% and 15.3% of students, respectively. Experiences of interpersonal and anticipated weight stigma were generally lowest among cisgender male students, heterosexual students, those with the fewest financial concerns, and those who did not perceive themselves to be "overweight." Both interpersonal and anticipated weight stigma were associated with elevated odds of high weight concerns, past-month binge eating, past-month purging, high eating disorder risk, moderate/severe anxiety symptoms, and moderate/severe depressive symptoms.
Findings implicate interpersonal and anticipated weight stigma as potential risk factors for a range of mental health concerns. Weight stigma is an under-recognized and under-funded public health problem.
体重歧视普遍存在于多个领域,包括医疗保健、教育机构、工作场所、大众媒体和人际关系。大学生时期经历的体重歧视可能尤为严重,因为大学时期是心理健康问题发展的脆弱时期。本研究的目的是探讨体重歧视经历与心理健康问题(包括饮食障碍、焦虑和抑郁症状)之间的关系。
对参加 2018-2019 年和 2019-2020 年“健康心灵研究”的 2707 名学生进行了人际间和预期体重歧视的流行率调查,并检验了学生特征对流行率的差异。采用逻辑回归分析体重歧视测量值与学生心理健康之间的关系。分析于 2021-2023 年进行。
分别有 12.3%和 15.3%的学生报告了人际间和预期体重歧视。在性别认同为男性、异性恋、经济问题最少和自认为“体重正常”的学生中,人际间和预期体重歧视的经历通常最少。人际间和预期体重歧视均与更高的高体重担忧、过去一个月暴食、过去一个月催吐、高饮食障碍风险、中度/重度焦虑症状和中度/重度抑郁症状的几率升高有关。
研究结果表明人际间和预期体重歧视可能是一系列心理健康问题的潜在风险因素。体重歧视是一个未被充分认识和资助的公共卫生问题。