Crepaldi Anna, Caruso Lorenzo, Piva Giovanni, Traina Luca, Gasbarro Vincenzo, Manfredini Roberto, Lamberti Nicola, Rinaldo Natascia, Manfredini Fabio, Lopez-Soto Pablo Jesus
Department of Nursing, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
J Pers Med. 2023 Aug 27;13(9):1312. doi: 10.3390/jpm13091312.
Decreased arterial perfusion is a typical condition of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), with the microvascular picture particularly present among women. This observational study aimed to detect foot perfusion changes by infrared thermography (IRT) after a home-based exercise program in both sexes. A total of 76 PAD patients with claudication (72 ± 4 years; 52 males) were enrolled in a structured in-home exercise program composed of two daily 8 min interval walking sessions (1:1 walk:rest ratio) with progressively increasing speed. Outcome measures collected at baseline (T0) and at each hospital visit after 5 weeks, 12 weeks and 20 weeks included foot temperature measured by IRT (anterior tibial, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis and arcuate artery regions), ankle brachial index and the 6 min walking test. After 20 weeks, foot temperature in both limbs showed a significant increasing trend, with a mean variation of 1.3 °C for the more impaired limb and 0.9 °C for the contralateral limb (t = 8.88, < 0.001 and t = 5.36; < 0.001, respectively), with significant changes occurring after 5 weeks of training. The sex-oriented analysis did not highlight any significant difference, with an improvement of mean foot temperature of 1.5 ± 0.6 °C in females versus 1.2 ± 0.5 °C in males ( = 0.42). Ankle brachial index and performance also significantly improved over time ( < 0.001) without gender differences. In patients with PAD, a structured low-intensity exercise program significantly improved foot temperature and exercise capacity without any sex-related difference.
动脉灌注减少是外周动脉疾病（PAD）患者的典型症状，微血管病变在女性中尤为常见。这项观察性研究旨在通过红外热成像（IRT）检测居家锻炼计划后男女足部灌注的变化。共有76例有间歇性跛行的PAD患者（72±4岁；52例男性）参加了一项结构化的居家锻炼计划，该计划包括每天两次8分钟的间歇步行训练（步行与休息比例为1:1），速度逐渐增加。在基线（T0）以及5周、12周和20周后的每次医院随访时收集的结果指标包括通过IRT测量的足部温度（胫前、胫后、足背和弓形动脉区域）、踝臂指数和6分钟步行试验。20周后，双下肢足部温度均呈现显著上升趋势，受损较重肢体的平均变化为1.3℃，对侧肢体为0.9℃（t = 8.88，P < 0.001和t = 5.36；P < 0.001），训练5周后出现显著变化。按性别分析未发现任何显著差异，女性平均足部温度改善1.5±0.6℃，男性为1.2±0.5℃（P = 0.42）。踝臂指数和运动能力也随时间显著改善（P < 0.001），且无性别差异。在PAD患者中，结构化的低强度锻炼计划可显著改善足部温度和运动能力，且无任何性别相关差异。
