As an urgent international challenge, the sudden change in climate due to global warming needs to be addressed in the near future. This can be achieved through a reduction in fossil fuel utilization and through carbon sequestration, which reduces the concentration of CO in the atmosphere. In this study, a self-sustainable impact sensor is proposed through implementing a triboelectric nanogenerator with a CaCO contact layer fabricated via a CO absorption method. The triboelectric polarity of CaCO with the location between the polyimide and the paper and the effects of varying the crystal structure are investigated first. The impact sensing characteristics are then confirmed at various input frequencies and under applied forces. Further, the high mechanical strength and strong adherence of CaCO on the surface of the device are demonstrated through enhanced durability compared to the unmodified device. For the intended application, the as-fabricated sensor is used to detect the turning state of the paper Ddakji in a slap match game using a supervised learning algorithm based on a support vector machine presenting a high classification accuracy of 95.8%. The robust CaCO-based triboelectric device can provide an eco-friendly advantage due to its self-powered characteristics for impact sensing and carbon sequestration.