Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2024 Jan;78(1):64-70. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2023.2262994. Epub 2024 Jan 8.
Increasing evidence suggests that personality traits may be associated with ADHD and comorbid concerns. We investigated temperament and character traits associated with internalizing and externalizing comorbidities in adolescents with or without ADHD.
The population consisted of a subsample ( = 457) of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC1986) that comprised 16-year-old adolescents with and without symptoms of ADHD. ADHD and psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using the Kiddie-SADS-PL and temperament and character profiles were determined with TCI-125. Outcomes were examined using Pearson's chi-square test, Analyses of Covariance and Cohen's d.
The adolescents with ADHD endorsed more novelty seeking and less persistence, self-directedness, and cooperativeness than those without. Comparison of the personality traits and psychiatric comorbidities with the ADHD cases showed that comorbidities did not particularly affect the temperament and character profiles, but rather ADHD accounted for the differences between the personality traits. However, the temperament and character traits predicted externalizing and internalizing psychiatric disorders in the control group.
Our findings reveal unique comorbidity-related temperament factors, which may have implications for adaptive and personalizing intervention efforts.
越来越多的证据表明，人格特质可能与 ADHD 及相关共病有关。我们研究了与 ADHD 青少年伴发或不伴发内化和外化共病相关的气质和性格特征。
该研究人群来自芬兰北部出生队列 1986 年（NFBC1986）的一个亚组（ = 457），包括有和无 ADHD 症状的 16 岁青少年。使用 Kiddie-SADS-PL 评估 ADHD 和精神共病，使用 TCI-125 确定气质和性格特征。使用 Pearson's chi-square 检验、协方差分析和 Cohen's d 来检验结果。
与无 ADHD 的青少年相比，有 ADHD 的青少年更倾向于寻求新奇，而坚持性、自我导向和合作性较低。将人格特质和精神共病与 ADHD 病例进行比较后发现，共病并没有特别影响气质和性格特征，而是 ADHD 导致了人格特质之间的差异。然而，在对照组中，气质和性格特征预测了外化和内化精神障碍。
我们的发现揭示了与共病相关的独特气质因素，这可能对适应性和个性化干预措施具有重要意义。
