结构内辅助调节脂质体疫苗的免疫应答

Modulation of immune responses to liposomal vaccines by intrastructural help.

机构信息

Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria.

出版信息

Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2023 Nov;192:112-125. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.003. Epub 2023 Oct 4.

Abstract

The encapsulation of HIV-unrelated T helper peptides into liposomal vaccines presenting trimers of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) on the surface (T helper liposomes) may recruit heterologous T cells to provide help for Env-specific B cells. This mechanism called intrastructural help can modulate the HIV-specific humoral immune response. In this study, we used cationic T helper liposomes to induce intrastructural help effects in a small animal model. The liposomes were functionalized with Env trimers by a tag-free approach designed to enable a simplified GMP production. The pre-fusion conformation of the conjugated Env trimers was verified by immunogold electron microscopy (EM) imaging and flow cytometry. The liposomes induced strong activation of Env-specific B cells in vitro. In comparison to previously established anionic liposomes, cationic T helper liposomes were superior in CD4+ T cell activation after uptake by dendritic cells. Moreover, the T helper liposomes were able to target Env-specific B cells in secondary lymphoid organs after intramuscular injection. We also observed efficient T helper cell activation and proliferation in co-cultures with Env-specific B cells in the presence of cationic T helper liposomes. Mouse immunization experiments with cationic T helper liposomes further revealed a modulation of the Env-specific IgG subtype distribution and enhancement of the longevity of antibody responses by ovalbumin- and Hepatitis B (HBV)-specific T cell help. Thus, clinical evaluation of the concept of intrastructural help seems warranted.

摘要

将与 HIV 无关的辅助性 T 细胞肽封装到脂质体疫苗中,使 HIV-1 包膜糖蛋白(Env)三聚体在表面呈现(辅助性 T 细胞脂质体),可能会招募异源 T 细胞为 Env 特异性 B 细胞提供帮助。这种称为结构内帮助的机制可以调节 HIV 特异性体液免疫应答。在这项研究中,我们使用阳离子辅助性 T 细胞脂质体在小动物模型中诱导结构内帮助效应。脂质体通过无标签方法与 Env 三聚体功能化,该方法旨在简化 GMP 生产。通过免疫金电子显微镜(EM)成像和流式细胞术验证了共轭 Env 三聚体的预融合构象。脂质体在体外强烈激活了 Env 特异性 B 细胞。与先前建立的阴离子脂质体相比,阳离子辅助性 T 细胞脂质体在树突状细胞摄取后对 CD4+T 细胞的激活更为优越。此外,阳离子辅助性 T 细胞脂质体在肌肉内注射后能够靶向次级淋巴器官中的 Env 特异性 B 细胞。我们还观察到,在存在阳离子辅助性 T 细胞脂质体的情况下,与 Env 特异性 B 细胞共培养时,能够有效激活和增殖辅助性 T 细胞。用阳离子辅助性 T 细胞脂质体进行的小鼠免疫实验进一步表明,结构内帮助的概念具有调节 Env 特异性 IgG 亚型分布的作用,并增强了卵清蛋白和乙型肝炎(HBV)特异性 T 细胞帮助的抗体反应的持久性。因此,有理由对结构内帮助的概念进行临床评估。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3ac3/10872448/7faaf07d26f1/nihms-1942595-f0001.jpg

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