Abohalaka Reshed
Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Heliyon. 2023 Sep 9;9(9):e19976. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19976. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently, there is no radical treatment for many chronic pulmonary diseases, and the treatment options focus on relieving the symptoms and improving lung function. Therefore, efficient therapeutic agents are highly needed. Bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells and their crosstalk play a significant role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Thus, targeting the interactions of these two cell types could open the door to a new generation of effective therapeutic options. However, the studies on how these two cell types interact and how their crosstalk adds up to respiratory diseases are not well established. With the rise of modern research tools and technology, such as lab-on-a-chip, organoids, co-culture techniques, and advanced immunofluorescence imaging, a substantial degree of evidence about these cell interactions emerged. Hence, this contribution aims to summarize the growing evidence of bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells crosstalk under normal and pathophysiological conditions. The review first discusses the impact of airway smooth muscle cells on the epithelium in inflammatory settings. Later, it examines the role of airway smooth muscle cells in the early development of bronchial epithelial cells and their recovery after injury. Then, it deliberates the effects of both healthy and stressed epithelial cells on airway smooth muscle cells, taking into account three themes; contraction, migration, and proliferation.
哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和特发性肺纤维化等慢性肺部疾病是全球范围内导致死亡和发病的重要原因。目前，许多慢性肺部疾病尚无根治方法，治疗方案主要集中在缓解症状和改善肺功能。因此，迫切需要有效的治疗药物。支气管上皮细胞和气道平滑肌细胞及其相互作用在这些疾病的发病机制中起着重要作用。因此，针对这两种细胞类型的相互作用可能为新一代有效的治疗方案打开大门。然而，关于这两种细胞类型如何相互作用以及它们的相互作用如何导致呼吸系统疾病的研究尚未充分确立。随着现代研究工具和技术的兴起，如芯片实验室、类器官、共培养技术和先进的免疫荧光成像，出现了大量关于这些细胞相互作用的证据。因此，本文旨在总结在正常和病理生理条件下支气管上皮细胞和气道平滑肌细胞相互作用的越来越多的证据。综述首先讨论了炎症环境中气道平滑肌细胞对上皮细胞的影响。随后，研究了气道平滑肌细胞在支气管上皮细胞早期发育及其损伤后恢复中的作用。然后，考虑到收缩、迁移和增殖三个主题，探讨了健康和应激状态下的上皮细胞对气道平滑肌细胞的影响。
