Zhang Wei, Zhou Wentao, Zhang Zisen, Zhang Di, Guo Zhengzheng, Ren Penggang, Liu Fei
Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Oct 7;15(19):4015. doi: 10.3390/polym15194015.
Chitosan and its derivatives are widely used in food packaging, pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical, textile, paper, agriculture, and environmental industries. However, the flexibility of chitosan films is extremely poor, which limits its relevant applications to a large extent. In this paper, chitosan/sorbitol/nano-silica (CS/sorbitol/SiO) composite films were prepared by the casting film method using chitosan, sorbitol, Tween-80 and nano-SiO as raw materials. The structure of the films was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, electron scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The effects of sorbitol and nano-silica dosage on the mechanical properties, thermal properties and water vapor barrier properties of the composite film were investigated. The results show that with the gradual increase in sorbitol (≤75 wt %), the elongation at the break of chitosan/sorbitol films significantly increased. When the addition of sorbitol was 75 wt %, the elongation at break of the chitosan/sorbitol composite film was 13 times higher than that of the chitosan film. Moreover, nano-SiO can further improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the chitosan/sorbitol composite films. When the amount of nano-silica was 4.5 wt %, the composite film became more flexible, with a maximum elongation of 90.8% (which is 14 times that of chitosan film), and its toughness increased to 10.52 MJm (which is 6 times that of chitosan film). This study balances the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite films by adding a plasticizer and nano-filler, providing a reference for the preparation of chitosan composites or their blending with other polymers, and has practical guiding significance for the industrial production of biomass plastics.
壳聚糖及其衍生物广泛应用于食品包装、制药、生物技术、医学、纺织、造纸、农业和环境等行业。然而，壳聚糖薄膜的柔韧性极差，这在很大程度上限制了其相关应用。本文以壳聚糖、山梨醇、吐温 - 80和纳米二氧化硅为原料，采用流延成膜法制备了壳聚糖/山梨醇/纳米二氧化硅（CS/山梨醇/SiO₂）复合薄膜。通过红外光谱、电子扫描显微镜和X射线衍射分析对薄膜结构进行了表征。研究了山梨醇和纳米二氧化硅用量对复合薄膜力学性能、热性能和水蒸气阻隔性能的影响。结果表明，随着山梨醇（≤75 wt%）用量的逐渐增加，壳聚糖/山梨醇薄膜的断裂伸长率显著提高。当山梨醇添加量为75 wt%时，壳聚糖/山梨醇复合薄膜的断裂伸长率比壳聚糖薄膜高13倍。此外，纳米二氧化硅可进一步提高壳聚糖/山梨醇复合薄膜的力学性能和热稳定性。当纳米二氧化硅用量为4.5 wt%时，复合薄膜变得更加柔韧，最大伸长率达到90.8%（是壳聚糖薄膜的14倍），其韧性提高到10.52 MJ/m³（是壳聚糖薄膜的6倍）。本研究通过添加增塑剂和纳米填料平衡了复合薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率，为壳聚糖复合材料的制备或其与其他聚合物的共混提供了参考，对生物质塑料的工业化生产具有实际指导意义。
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