Department of Physics and Center for Biomedical Research, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA.
J Orthop Res. 2024 Apr;42(4):717-728. doi: 10.1002/jor.25721. Epub 2023 Nov 7.
Traumatized knee greatly contributes to osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee in young adults. To intervene effectively before the onset of severe structural disruption, detection of the disease at the early onset is crucial. In this study, we put together the findings for the detection of OA from the femoral knee joint cartilage of the rabbit at 6 weeks posttrauma. Articular cartilage samples are taken from the impacted and nonimpacted joints at 0 week (serving as the control group) and at 6 weeks posttrauma by minimal force. The samples were imaged using microscopic magnetic resonance imaging (µMRI) at 11.7 µm/pixel and polarized light microscopy (PLM) at 1 µm/pixel. In addition, an inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry analysis was performed using the adjacent cartilage samples. The outcomes of this study demonstrate an increase in T2 values in 6 weeks samples compared to the 0 week samples by µMRI technique, indicating a general increase of tissue hydration within cartilage. PLM detects a decrease in the average thickness of the superficial zones in the posttraumatic osteoarthritis samples, significant in the impacted femurs. There was an average increasing trend of maximum retardation in the tide mark in comparison to the reported calcium concentration (mg/L) in impacted samples suggesting a possible rise in mineralization in the 6 weeks samples. Qualitatively, physical observation of the joint after 6 weeks showed signs of reddening in the anterior femur suggesting the disease process is a localized phenomenon. Through microscopic imaging, we are able to detect these changes at 6 weeks posttrauma qualitatively and quantitatively.
创伤性膝关节极大地促成了年轻人膝关节的骨关节炎（OA）。为了在严重结构破坏发生之前进行有效干预，早期发现疾病至关重要。在这项研究中，我们汇集了从创伤后 6 周的兔股骨膝关节软骨检测 OA 的发现。通过最小的力，在 0 周（作为对照组）和创伤后 6 周时，从受影响和未受影响的关节中取出关节软骨样本。使用 11.7 µm/pixel 的微观磁共振成像（µMRI）和 1 µm/pixel 的偏振光显微镜（PLM）对样本进行成像。此外，还使用相邻的软骨样本进行了电感耦合等离子体 - 发射光谱分析。该研究的结果表明，与 0 周样本相比，µMRI 技术在 6 周样本中 T2 值增加，表明软骨内组织水合作用普遍增加。PLM 检测到创伤性骨关节炎样本中浅层区域的平均厚度减少，在受影响的股骨中更为明显。与报告的钙浓度（mg/L）相比，潮标线的最大延迟呈平均增加趋势，表明 6 周样本中的矿化可能增加。定性地，在创伤后 6 周对关节进行物理观察显示，前股骨有变红的迹象，表明疾病过程是局部现象。通过微观成像，我们能够定性和定量地在创伤后 6 周时检测到这些变化。
