Whipple Sarah, Bowser Gillian
Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, 102 Johnson Hall, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1021, USA.
Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1021, USA.
iScience. 2023 Sep 30;26(11):108101. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108101. eCollection 2023 Nov 17.
Climate and land use change are two of the largest drivers of worldwide biodiversity loss, but detecting drivers of insect decline is more complex. Online data sources can elucidate such responses while identifying systematic data gaps. Using a systematic review, we found 119 studies that document bumble bee and butterfly responses to climate change. While bee literature was limited, there is high confidence that species are emerging earlier (∼17 days), mismatching with floral resources (100% of studies), and changing range distributions (-25%). More butterfly literature was available but did not yield consistent responses. Evidence shows earlier emergences (∼5 days), decreasing range distributions (-19%), and population shifts amongst generalist (87% increase) versus specialist (65% decrease) groups. We argue that the effect of changing climates on floral emergence, abundance, and distribution may be more significant than the impact of climate change on biodiversity; however, further research is required, particularly within the Southern Hemisphere.
气候和土地利用变化是全球生物多样性丧失的两大主要驱动因素，但查明昆虫数量下降的驱动因素更为复杂。在线数据源可以在识别系统性数据缺口的同时阐明此类反应。通过一项系统性综述，我们发现了119项记录大黄蜂和蝴蝶对气候变化反应的研究。虽然关于蜜蜂的文献有限，但人们高度确信物种出现时间提前（约17天），与花卉资源不匹配（100%的研究），以及分布范围变化（-25%）。有更多关于蝴蝶的文献，但并未得出一致的反应。证据显示出现时间提前（约5天），分布范围缩小（-19%），以及广食性（增加87%）与狭食性（减少65%）群体之间的种群转移。我们认为，气候变化对花卉出现、数量和分布的影响可能比气候变化对生物多样性的影响更为显著；然而，需要进一步开展研究，尤其是在南半球。
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