Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
J Dent. 2023 Dec;139:104771. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104771. Epub 2023 Nov 3.
This study aimed to translate and adapt the Brief Pain Inventory-Facial (BPI-F) into Chinese, proposing a validated Chinese version for clinical application.
To evaluate the applicability of Chinese BPI-F, this study included two groups: clinical sample (406 patients with OFP) and non-clinical sample (514 college students without OFP medical history). Content validity was improved through patient interviews. Cronbach's α was used to evaluate the reliability of BPI-F in both groups. The best-fit factor structure was tested on clinical sample via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent and discriminant validity of BPI-F was evaluated by Spearman's coefficient. Serial CFA was used to assess measurement invariance between the two groups.
Content validity and reliability of BPI-F were verified. EFA results support a two-factor structure, interference with general activities (1-7 items) and face-specific pain interference (8-14 items). CFA results demonstrated this two-factor structure is appropriate for different populations. Spearman results showed that BPI-F had good convergent and discriminant validity. Full measurement invariance is observed across the two groups.
The Chinese BPI-F, with two-factor structure (interference with general / orofacial functions), enables accurate assessment of functional interference caused by OFP. BPI-F has the same significance in different clinical populations, which expands its application.
This manuscript proposed the Chinese version of the BPI-F and examined its psychometric characteristics for the first time. This validated scale provides a favorable instrument for aiding individual diagnosis and treatment for OFP patients in China.
本研究旨在将 Brief Pain Inventory-Facial（BPI-F）翻译成中文，并提出一个经过验证的中文版本，用于临床应用。
为了评估中文 BPI-F 的适用性，本研究包括两个组：临床样本（406 名 OFP 患者）和非临床样本（514 名无 OFP 病史的大学生）。通过患者访谈来提高内容效度。Cronbach's α 用于评估两个组中 BPI-F 的可靠性。在临床样本中通过探索性因素分析（EFA）和验证性因素分析（CFA）来测试最佳拟合因子结构。通过 Spearman 系数评估 BPI-F 的收敛和判别效度。连续 CFA 用于评估两个组之间的测量不变性。
BPI-F 的内容效度和可靠性得到验证。EFA 结果支持两因素结构，即一般活动干扰（1-7 项）和面部特定疼痛干扰（8-14 项）。CFA 结果表明，这种两因素结构适用于不同人群。Spearman 结果表明，BPI-F 具有良好的收敛和判别效度。两个组之间存在完全的测量不变性。
具有两因素结构（一般/口腔功能干扰）的中文 BPI-F 能够准确评估 OFP 引起的功能干扰。BPI-F 在不同的临床人群中具有相同的意义，从而扩展了其应用。
本文首次提出了 BPI-F 的中文版本，并对其心理测量特性进行了检验。这个经过验证的量表为中国的 OFP 患者提供了一个有利的个体化诊断和治疗工具。
