Centre for Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Nov 1;20(21):7007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20217007.
Due to population aging and sociodemographic change, there is an increasing reliance on residential aged care facilities in the Asia-Pacific region. Most countries have adopted taxation as the primary means to levy capital for funding universal health services and means-testing of benefits may be further incorporated as a policy balance between horizontal equity and fiscal sustainability. It was hypothesized that residential care needs are evaluated by assessments relating to funding; this scoping review seeks to synthesize how such assessments relate to the care needs of residents. Searches were conducted in concordance with a priori protocol for English-language literature published since 2008 in Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, JBI, TROVE, and four peak international organizations for studies and reports that describe the assessment of residents' needs in Asia-Pacific countries that used a mixture of taxation and means-testing to publicly fund residential aged care. One paper and 47 reports were included. Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore utilize a taxation and means-tested user charge approach to fund residential aged care needs. The common care needs assessed include health conditions, daily activities, cognition, psychiatric, and behavioral needs. While essential care needs are publicly funded, other holistic care needs, such as spirituality and autonomy-based needs, still need to be covered for meaningful occupation by the residents.
由于人口老龄化和社会人口结构变化，亚太地区越来越依赖养老院。大多数国家都采用税收作为为全民健康服务提供资金的主要手段，并且可能进一步将受益资格的经济状况调查纳入到横向公平性和财政可持续性之间的政策平衡中。本研究假设，养老院的护理需求是通过与资金有关的评估来进行评估的；本范围综述旨在综合分析这些评估与居民护理需求的关系。根据预先制定的方案，我们在 2008 年以后的 Embase、CINAHL、PubMed、Scopus、JBI、TROVE 以及四个亚太国家和地区的国际性研究和报告组织的英文文献中进行了检索，这些文献描述了在使用税收和经济状况调查相结合为养老院的居民提供公共资金的亚太国家中对居民需求的评估。共纳入了 1 篇论文和 47 份报告。澳大利亚、新西兰和新加坡采用税收和经济状况调查用户缴费的方式来为养老院的护理需求提供资金。评估的常见护理需求包括健康状况、日常生活活动、认知、精神和行为需求。虽然基本护理需求由公共资金提供，但居民的其他整体护理需求，如精神需求和自主需求，仍需要得到满足，以实现有意义的职业活动。
