性激素信号转导与免疫功能调节。

Sex hormone signaling and regulation of immune function.

机构信息

W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

出版信息

Immunity. 2023 Nov 14;56(11):2472-2491. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.008.

DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.008

PMID:37967530

Abstract

Immune responses to antigens, including innocuous, self, tumor, microbial, and vaccine antigens, differ between males and females. The quest to uncover the mechanisms for biological sex differences in the immune system has intensified, with considerable literature pointing toward sex hormonal influences on immune cell function. Sex steroids, including estrogens, androgens, and progestins, have profound effects on immune function. As such, drastic changes in sex steroid concentrations that occur with aging (e.g., after puberty or during the menopause transition) or pregnancy impact immune responses and the pathogenesis of immune-related diseases. The effect of sex steroids on immunity involves both the concentration of the ligand and the density and distribution of genomic and nongenomic receptors that serve as transcriptional regulators of immune cellular responses to affect autoimmunity, allergy, infectious diseases, cancers, and responses to vaccines. The next frontier will be harnessing these effects of sex steroids to improve therapeutic outcomes.

摘要

免疫应答针对抗原，包括无害、自身、肿瘤、微生物和疫苗抗原，在男性和女性之间存在差异。揭示免疫系统中生物学性别差异的机制的探索已经加剧，大量文献指出性激素对免疫细胞功能的影响。性激素，包括雌激素、雄激素和孕激素，对免疫功能有深远的影响。因此，随着年龄的增长（例如，青春期后或更年期过渡期间）或怀孕时性激素浓度的剧烈变化会影响免疫反应和免疫相关疾病的发病机制。性激素对免疫的影响既涉及配体的浓度，也涉及基因组和非基因组受体的密度和分布，这些受体作为免疫细胞对自身免疫、过敏、传染病、癌症和疫苗反应的转录调节剂。下一个前沿将是利用这些性激素的影响来改善治疗效果。