儿童肾病患者在冈贝联邦教学医院儿科肾病科的疾病模式。

Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Gombe.

West Afr J Med. 2023 Nov 10;40(11 Suppl 1):S7-S8.

INTRODUCTION

Children present with a spectrum of renal diseases depending on age, sex, and geographic location among other factors. With the absence of a paediatric renal registry in Nigeria, this will provide part of the regional data necessary for the Nigerian renal registry.

METHODOLOGY

A retrospective study where cases of renal diseases that presented in a nephrology clinic over a 2-year period were retrieved from the nurses' and doctors' records and analysed.

RESULTS

A total of 147 children were reviewed, male and female were 101 and 46 respectively with M: F being 2.2: 1. Mean age was 9.59 ± 4.58 years, age distribution were <5 years (23.0; 15.6%), 5-9 years (52; 35.4%) and ≥ 10 years (72.0; 49.0%). The majority (77.0; 52.4%) had low socioeconomic status. Majority (145; 98.6%) were acquired renal diseases while ectopic kidney (2.0; 1.4%) was the only CAKUT. Acute glomerulonephritis (49; 33.3%), urinary tract infections (37; 25.2%) and nephrotic syndrome (30.0; 20.4%) were the major acquired renal diseases. Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were seen in 9 (6.1%) and 13 (8.8%) respectively. Urolithiasis, sickle cell nephropathy, and primary enuresis were seen in 5(3.4%) and 1 (0.7%) respectively. The mean age of children with CAKUT and acquired renal diseases were13.00 ±1.41 and 9.54±4.59 years (P=0.290) while that of AKI and CKD were 10.89±5.21 and 14.15±3.24 years respectively (P= 0.084).

CONCLUSION

Childhood renal diseases increase with age and are more common among adolescents, especially the chronic forms. Regular screening and aggressive treatment are recommended in adolescents.

简介

儿童的肾脏疾病表现因年龄、性别和地理位置等因素而异。由于尼日利亚没有儿科肾脏登记处，因此本研究将提供尼日利亚肾脏登记处所需的部分区域数据。

方法

这是一项回顾性研究，从护士和医生的记录中检索了在肾病诊所就诊的 2 年内肾脏疾病的病例，并进行了分析。

结果

共回顾了 147 名儿童，男性和女性分别为 101 名和 46 名，男女比例为 2.2:1。平均年龄为 9.59±4.58 岁，年龄分布为<5 岁（23.0；15.6%）、5-9 岁（52；35.4%）和≥10 岁（72.0；49.0%）。大多数（77.0；52.4%）来自低社会经济地位家庭。大多数（145；98.6%）为获得性肾脏疾病，而异位肾（2.0；1.4%）是唯一的 CAKUT。急性肾小球肾炎（49；33.3%）、尿路感染（37；25.2%）和肾病综合征（30；20.4%）是主要的获得性肾脏疾病。急性肾损伤（AKI）和慢性肾脏病（CKD）分别为 9（6.1%）和 13（8.8%）。尿石症、镰状细胞肾病和原发性遗尿症分别为 5（3.4%）和 1（0.7%）。CAKUT 和获得性肾脏疾病患儿的平均年龄分别为 13.00±1.41 岁和 9.54±4.59 岁（P=0.290），而 AKI 和 CKD 患儿的平均年龄分别为 10.89±5.21 岁和 14.15±3.24 岁（P=0.084）。