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评估埃塞俄比亚西南部蜂蜜的物理化学和微生物特性:通过分析模拟检测掺假。

Assessment of Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Honey in Southwest Ethiopia: Detection of Adulteration through Analytical Simulation.

机构信息

Department of Post-harvest Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma PO BOX 307, Ethiopia.

Department of Post-harvest Management, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma PO BOX 307, Ethiopia.

出版信息

J Food Prot. 2024 Jan;87(1):100194. doi: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100194. Epub 2023 Nov 15.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of honey in the supply chain from the Gera district to Jimma town in southwest Ethiopia and develop a predictive model to detect adulteration. A preliminary survey revealed that poor handling practices and adulteration negatively impacted honey's physicochemical and microbial quality. For laboratory analysis, 268 honey samples were collected from households, cooperatives, chira markets, Agaro markets, and Jimma markets. They were mixed separately to create composite samples representing different value chain actors. Laboratory results indicated that honey samples from supply chain actors confirmed significant differences (p < 0.05) in physicochemical and microbial quality. The study found that the extent of adulteration and physicochemical quality loss increased from producers to Jimma retailers, indicating multiple-stage adulteration along the supply chain that could pose a risk to the safety and quality of the product. The physicochemical quality parameters of the honey samples in the study varied within the following ranges: moisture (18.35-19.42%), water activity (0.48-0.61), viscosity (7.45-10.28 Pas), pH (3.41-4.0), titratable acidity (34.01-36.03 meq/kg), ash (0.1-0.23%), electrical conductivity (0.25-0.39 mS/cm), Total Soluble Solid (75.9-77.5 °Brix), Water insoluble Solid (0.16-2.48 g/100 g), Diastase Activity (6-14 DN), and Hydroxymethylfurfural (0.2-27.7 mg/kg). Microbiological analyses showed that total aerobic bacterial and fungal load ranged from 2.7 × 10-2.29 × 10 and 3.2 × 10-4.57 × 10, respectively. A predictive model was developed using adulteration indicator parameters, showing good linearity (R>90%) and predictive capacity for detecting adulteration with sugar syrup.

摘要

本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西南部杰拉地区到吉姆马镇的蜂蜜供应链的质量,并开发一种预测模型来检测掺假。初步调查显示,不良的处理操作和掺假对蜂蜜的理化和微生物质量产生了负面影响。为了实验室分析,从家庭、合作社、奇拉市场、阿加罗市场和吉姆马市场采集了 268 个蜂蜜样本。它们分别混合,以创建代表不同供应链参与者的复合样本。实验室结果表明,供应链参与者的蜂蜜样本在理化和微生物质量方面存在显著差异(p<0.05)。研究发现,从生产者到吉姆马零售商的掺假程度和理化质量损失增加,表明沿供应链存在多阶段掺假,这可能对产品的安全性和质量构成风险。研究中蜂蜜样本的理化质量参数在以下范围内变化:水分(18.35-19.42%)、水活度(0.48-0.61)、粘度(7.45-10.28 Pa·s)、pH 值(3.41-4.0)、可滴定酸度(34.01-36.03 meq/kg)、灰分(0.1-0.23%)、电导率(0.25-0.39 mS/cm)、总可溶性固体(75.9-77.5°Brix)、水不溶性固体(0.16-2.48 g/100 g)、糖化酶活性(6-14 DN)和羟甲基糠醛(0.2-27.7 mg/kg)。微生物分析显示,总需氧细菌和真菌负荷分别为 2.7×10-2.29×10 和 3.2×10-4.57×10。使用掺假指示参数建立了预测模型,显示出良好的线性(R>90%)和检测糖浆掺假的预测能力。

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